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| ratio of the volume of the pores of a substance to the total volume of the mass |
| outer layer of the earth, about 22 miles deep under the continents and 6 miles deep under the oceans |
| A horizon
In ABC soil, the uppermost, darkest zone that is rich in organic matter. The upper section of the A horizon usually contains humus along with plant and animal matter in varying stages of decay. The middle section usually contains a high concentration of quartz or other minerals that remain following the leaching away of clay, iron, and aluminum. The lower section is typically transitional in nature between the A horizon and the B horizon. Also called zone of leaching. |