any small, marine, herringlike fish of the family Engraulidae, esp. Engraulis encrasicholus, found in the Mediterranean Sea, often preserved in oil and used in salads, spreads, etc., or packaged in paste form.
Origin: 1590–1600; < F or Ibero-Romance < Genoese anchua, anchova < VL *apiu(v)a, var. of L apua (Pliny) < Gk aphýē fry of various fishes
an·cho·vy (ān'chō'vē, ān-chō'vē) n.
pl.anchovy or an·cho·vies A small, herringlike marine fish of the family Engraulidae, especially the European fish (Engraulis encrasicholus), widely used in appetizers and various dishes.
[Spanish anchova, possibly from Vulgar Latin *apiuva, ultimately from Greek aphuē.]
1596, from Port. anchova, from Genoese or Corsican dialect, ultimately from either L. apua "small fish" (from Gk. aphye "small fry") or from Basque anchu "dried fish," from anchuva "dry."