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| a unit of energy, the work done by a force of one newton when its point of application moves through a distance of one meter in the direction of the force |
| the transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system, caused by a temperature difference between the parts |
| Bragg's law | |
| —n | |
| the principle that when a beam of X-rays of wavelength λ enters a crystal, the maximum intensity of the reflected ray occurs when sin θ = nλ/2d, where θ is the complement of the angle of incidence, n is a whole number, and d is the distance between layers of atoms | |
| [C20: named after William and Lawrence | |