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Audio Help [kahr-buhn] Pronunciation Key | 1. | Chemistry. a widely distributed element that forms organic compounds in combination with hydrogen, oxygen, etc., and that occurs in a pure state as diamond and graphite, and in an impure state as charcoal. Symbol: C; atomic weight: 12.011; atomic number: 6; specific gravity: (of diamond) 3.51 at 20°C; (of graphite) 2.26 at 20°C. |
| 2. | carbon copy. |
| 3. | a sheet of carbon paper. |
| 4. | Electricity.
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] —Related forms
| Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1) Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006. |
Carbon
To learn more about Carbon visit Britannica.com
| © 2008 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |
| car·bon
Audio Help (kär'bən) Pronunciation Key
n.
[French carbone, from Latin carbō, carbōn-, a coal, charcoal; see ker-3 in Indo-European roots.] car'bon·ous (-bə-nəs) adj. |
| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2006 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
carbon
| Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper |
| carbon | |
noun | |
| 1. | an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds |
| 2. | a thin paper coated on one side with a dark waxy substance (often containing carbon); used to transfer characters from the original to an under sheet of paper [syn: carbon paper] |
| 3. | a copy made with carbon paper |
| WordNet® 3.0, © 2006 by Princeton University. |
carbon [ˈkaːbən]
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| Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary, © 2000-2006 K Dictionaries Ltd. |
| carbon
Audio Help (kär'bən) Pronunciation Key
Symbol C A naturally abundant, nonmetallic element that occurs in all organic compounds and can be found in all known forms of life. Diamonds and graphite are pure forms, and carbon is a major constituent of coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Carbon generally forms four covalent bonds with other atoms in larger molecules. Atomic number 6; atomic weight 12.011; sublimation point above 3,500°C; boiling point 4,827°C; specific gravity of amorphous carbon 1.8 to 2.1, of diamond 3.15 to 3.53, of graphite 1.9 to 2.3; valence 2, 3, 4. See Periodic Table. carbonaceous adjective |
| The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
carbon
A chemical element; its symbol is C. The carbon nucleus has six protons and six or more neutrons; six electrons are in orbit around the carbon nucleus. (See hydrocarbons and organic molecules.)
Note: Carbon forms the basis for all living tissue.
[Chapter:] Physical Sciences and Mathematics
| The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
Carbon Hill, AL (city, FIPS 12016) Location: 33.89582 N, 87.52504 W
Population (1990): 2115 (941 housing units)
Area: 12.5 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water)
Zip code(s): 35549
Carbon Cliff, IL (village, FIPS 11150) Location: 41.49763 N, 90.39035 W
Population (1990): 1492 (562 housing units)
Area: 4.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Carbon County, MT (county, FIPS 9) Location: 45.23209 N, 109.02180 W
Population (1990): 8080 (4828 housing units)
Area: 5304.5 sq km (land), 36.8 sq km (water)
Carbon County, PA (county, FIPS 25) Location: 40.92271 N, 75.70212 W
Population (1990): 56846 (27380 housing units)
Area: 990.8 sq km (land), 16.1 sq km (water)
Carbon County, UT (county, FIPS 7) Location: 39.64391 N, 110.58278 W
Population (1990): 20228 (8713 housing units)
Area: 3829.5 sq km (land), 15.8 sq km (water)
Carbon County, WY (county, FIPS 7) Location: 41.69125 N, 106.93049 W
Population (1990): 16659 (8190 housing units)
Area: 20452.1 sq km (land), 175.8 sq km (water)
Carbon Hill, IL (village, FIPS 11176) Location: 41.29628 N, 88.29947 W
Population (1990): 362 (139 housing units)
Area: 0.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Carbon, WV Zip code(s): 25122
Carbon, TX (town, FIPS 12736) Location: 32.26858 N, 98.82671 W
Population (1990): 255 (150 housing units)
Area: 2.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Zip code(s): 76435
Carbon, IN (town, FIPS 10198) Location: 39.59893 N, 87.10750 W
Population (1990): 350 (147 housing units)
Area: 0.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Zip code(s): 47837
Carbon, IA (city, FIPS 10585) Location: 41.04926 N, 94.82351 W
Population (1990): 60 (36 housing units)
Area: 1.8 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
East Carbon, UT (city, FIPS 21110) Location: 39.53567 N, 110.40664 W
Population (1990): 1270 (743 housing units)
Area: 13.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Zip code(s): 84520
Glen Carbon, IL (village, FIPS 29639) Location: 38.76048 N, 89.97301 W
Population (1990): 7731 (2975 housing units)
Area: 15.9 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water)
Zip code(s): 62034
Mount Carbon, WV Zip code(s): 25139
Port Carbon, PA (borough, FIPS 62128) Location: 40.69712 N, 76.16707 W
Population (1990): 2134 (903 housing units)
Area: 2.0 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Zip code(s): 17965
Mount Carbon, PA (borough, FIPS 51488) Location: 40.67416 N, 76.18797 W
Population (1990): 132 (56 housing units)
Area: 0.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
| U.S. Gazetteer, U.S. Census Bureau |
Carbon
Car"bon\ (k[aum]r"b[o^]n), n. [F. carbone, fr. L. carbo coal; cf. Skr. [,c]r[=a] to cook.] (Chem.) An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and Graphite. Carbon compounds, Compounds of carbon (Chem.), those compounds consisting largely of carbon, commonly produced by animals and plants, and hence called organic compounds, though their synthesis may be effected in many cases in the laboratory. The formation of the compounds of carbon is not dependent upon the life process. --I. Remsen Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide. (Chem.) See under Carbonic. Carbon light (Elec.), an extremely brilliant electric light produced by passing a galvanic current through two carbon points kept constantly with their apexes neary in contact. Carbon point (Elec.), a small cylinder or bit of gas carbon moved forward by clockwork so that, as it is burned away by the electric current, it shall constantly maintain its proper relation to the opposing point. Carbon tissue, paper coated with gelatine and pigment, used in the autotype process of photography. --Abney. Gas carbon, a compact variety of carbon obtained as an incrustation on the interior of gas retorts, and used for the manufacture of the carbon rods of pencils for the voltaic, arc, and for the plates of voltaic batteries, etc.| Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, © 1996, 1998 MICRA, Inc. |
Carbon
Car*bon"ic\, a. [Cf. F. carbonique. See Carbon.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, carbonic oxide. Carbonic acid (Chem.), an acid H2CO3, not existing separately, which, combined with positive or basic atoms or radicals, forms carbonates. In common language the term is very generally applied to a compound of carbon and oxygen, CO2, more correctly called carbon dioxide. It is a colorless, heavy, irrespirable gas, extinguishing flame, and when breathed destroys life. It can be reduced to a liquid and solid form by intense pressure. It is produced in the fermentation of liquors, and by the combustion and decomposition of organic substances, or other substances containing carbon. It is formed in the explosion of fire damp in mines, and is hence called after damp; it is also know as choke damp, and mephitic air. Water will absorb its own volume of it, and more than this under pressure, and in this state becomes the common soda water of the shops, and the carbonated water of natural springs. Combined with lime it constitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants imbibe it for their nutrition and growth, the carbon being retained and the oxygen given out. Carbonic oxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, CO, of a light odor, called more correctly carbon monoxide. It is almost the only definitely known compound in which carbon seems to be divalent. It is a product of the incomplete combustion of carbon, and is an abundant constituent of water gas. It is fatal to animal life, extinguishes combustion, and burns with a pale blue flame, forming carbon dioxide.| Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, © 1996, 1998 MICRA, Inc. |
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