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| the amount of a given fissionable material necessary to sustain a chain reaction at a constant rate |
| the time required for one half the atoms of a given amount of a radioactive substance to disintegrate |
| Compton effect
An increase in the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, especially of x-rays or gamma-rays, when the photons constituting the radiation collide with free electrons. As a result of the Compton effect, the photons transfer some of their energy to the electrons. It is mainly through the Compton effect that matter absorbs radiant energy. |