Word Origin & History
pool"game similar to billiards," 1848, originally (1693) a card game played for collective stakes (a "pool"), from Fr. poule "stakes, booty, plunder," lit. "hen," from O.Fr. poule "hen, young fowl." Perhaps the original notion is from jeu de la poule, supposedly a game in which people threw things at a hen
EXPANDand the player who hit it, won it, which speaks volumes about life in the Middle Ages. The connection of "hen" and "stakes" is also present in Sp. polla and Walloon paie. Meaning "collective stakes" first recorded 1869; sense of "common reservoir of resources" is from 1917. Meaning "group of persons who share duties or skills" is from 1928. The verb meaning "to make a common interest, put things into a pool" is 1872, from the noun.
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