a sudden or violent disturbance or commotion: the shock of battle.
3.
a sudden or violent disturbance of the mind, emotions, or sensibilities: The burglary was a shock to her sense of security. The book provided a shock, nothing more.
4.
the cause of such a disturbance: The rebuke came as a shock.
5.
Pathology. a collapse of circulatory function, caused by severe injury, blood loss, or disease, and characterized by pallor, sweating, weak pulse, and very low blood pressure. Compare anaphylactic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock.
6.
the physiological effect produced by the passage of an electric current through the body.
7.
shocks, Informal. shock absorbers, esp. in the suspension of an automobile.
–verb (used with object)
8.
to strike or jar with intense surprise, horror, disgust, etc.: He enjoyed shocking people.
9.
to strike against violently.
10.
to give an electric shock to.
–verb (used without object)
11.
to undergo a shock.
[Origin: 1555–65; < MF choc armed encounter, n. deriv. of choquer to clash (in battle) < Gmc; cf. D schokken to shake, jolt, jerk]
—Related forms
shock·a·ble, adjective
shock·a·bil·i·ty, noun
shock·ed·ness, noun
shocklike, adjective
—Synonyms 8. stagger, astound, stupefy. Shock,startle,paralyze,stun suggest a sudden, sharp surprise that affects one somewhat like a blow. Shock suggests a strong blow, as it were, to one's nerves, sentiments, sense of decency, etc.: The onlookers were shocked by the accident. Startle implies the sharp surprise of sudden fright: to be startled by a loud noise. Paralyze implies such a complete shock as to render one temporarily helpless: paralyzed with fear. Stun implies such a shock as bewilders or stupefies: stunned by the realization of an unpleasant truth.
A violent collision or impact; a heavy blow. See Synonyms at collision.
The effect of such a collision or blow.
Something that jars the mind or emotions as if with a violent unexpected blow.
The disturbance of function, equilibrium, or mental faculties caused by such a blow; violent agitation.
Something that jars the mind or emotions as if with a violent unexpected blow.
The disturbance of function, equilibrium, or mental faculties caused by such a blow; violent agitation.
A severe offense to one's sense of propriety or decency; an outrage.
A potentially fatal physiological reaction to a variety of conditions, including illness, injury, hemorrhage, and dehydration, usually characterized by marked loss of blood pressure, diminished blood circulation, and inadequate blood flow to the tissues.
The sensation and muscular spasm caused by an electric current passing through the body or a body part.
A sudden economic disturbance, such as a rise in the price of a commodity.
A shock absorber.
v.
shocked, shock·ing, shocks
v.
tr.
To strike with great surprise and emotional disturbance.
To strike with disgust; offend.
To induce a state of physical shock in (a person).
To subject (an animal or person) to an electric shock.
v.
intr.
To come into contact violently, as in battle; collide.
[French choc, from choquer, to collide with, from Old French chuquier, perhaps of Germanic origin.]
"sudden blow," 1565, a military term, from M.Fr. choc "violent attack," from O.Fr. choquer "strike against," probably from Frankish, from a P.Gmc. imitative base (cf. M.Du. schokken "to push, jolt," O.H.G. scoc "jolt, swing"). Meaning "a sudden and disturbing impression on the mind" is from 1705; medical sense is attested from 1804. The verb, "to come into violent contact" is attested from 1576; meaning "to give (something) an electric shock" is from 1706; sense of "to offend, displease" is first recorded 1694. Shock-absorber is attested from 1906; shock wave is from 1907. Shocking pink introduced Feb. 1937 by It.-born fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli. Shocker "something that shocks or excites" is from 1824. Shock troops (1917) translates Ger. stoßtruppen and preserves the word's original military sense.
"bundle of grain," c.1325, from M.L.G. schok "shock of corn," originally "group of sixty," from P.Gmc. *skukka- (cf. O.S. skok, Du. schok "sixty pieces," Ger. Hocke "heap of sheaves").
"thick mass of hair," 1819, from earlier shock (adj.) "having thick hair" (1681), and a noun sense of "lap dog having long, shaggy hair" (1638), from shough (1599), the name for this type of dog, which was said to have been brought originally from Iceland; the word is perhaps from shock (2), or from an O.N. variant of shag.
the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally; "his mother's death left him in a daze"; "he was numb with shock" [syn: daze]
2.
the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat; "the armies met in the shock of battle"
3.
a reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body; "subjects received a small electric shock when they made the wrong response"; "electricians get accustomed to occasional shocks" [syn: electric shock]
4.
(pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor; "loss of blood is an important cause of shock"
5.
an instance of agitation of the earth's crust; "the first shock of the earthquake came shortly after noon while workers were at lunch"
6.
an unpleasant or disappointing surprise; "it came as a shock to learn that he was injured"
7.
a pile of sheaves of grain set on end in a field to dry; stalks of Indian corn set up in a field; "corn is bound in small sheaves and several sheaves are set up together in shocks"; "whole fields of wheat in shock"
8.
a bushy thick mass (especially hair); "he had an unruly shock of black hair"
9.
a sudden jarring impact; "the door closed with a jolt"; "all the jars and jolts were smoothed out by the shock absorbers" [syn: jolt]
10.
a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses; "the old car needed a new set of shocks" [syn: shock absorber]
verb
1.
surprise greatly; knock someone's socks off; "I was floored when I heard that I was promoted"
2.
strike with disgust or revulsion; "The scandalous behavior of this married woman shocked her friends"
3.
strike with horror or terror; "The news of the bombing shocked her"
An instance of the passage of an electric current through the body. The amount of injury caused by electric shock depends on the type and strength of the current, the length of time the current is applied, and the route the current takes once it enters the body.
A life-threatening condition marked by a severe drop in blood pressure, resulting from serious injury or illness.
Something that jars the mind
or emotions as if with a violent, unexpected blow.
The disturbance of function, equilibrium, or mental faculties caused by such a blow; violent agitation.
A generally temporary
massive physiological reaction to severe physical or emotional trauma, usually characterized by marked loss of blood pressure and depression of vital processes.
The sensation and
muscular spasm caused by an electric current passing through the body or a body part.
The abnormally palpable impact of an accentuated heartbeat felt by a hand on the chest wall.
Main Entry: 1shock Pronunciation: 'shäk Function: noun 1: a sudden or violent disturbance in the mental or emotional faculties 2: a state of profound depression of the vital processes of the body that is characterized by pallor, rapid but weak pulse, rapid and shallow respiration, reduced total blood volume,
and low blood pressure and that is caused usually by severe especially crushing injuries, hemorrhage, burns, or major surgery <the patient was admitted to the hospital in shock> 3: sudden stimulation of the nerves or convulsive contraction of the muscles accompanied by a feeling of concussion that is caused by the discharge through the animal body of
electricity from a charged source —compare ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY
Main Entry: shock Function: adjective : of, relating to, or being a criminal sentence or condition of release involving participation in a program of vigorous physical
training, discipline, regimentation, and rehabilitation therapy <shock incarceration> <shock probation> <shock parole>
Chuck\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chucked; p. pr. & vb. n. Chucking.] [F. choquer to strike. Cf. Shock, v. t.]1. To strike gently; to give a gentle blow to. Chucked the barmaid under the chin. --W. Irving. 2. To toss or throw smartly out of the hand; to pitch. [Colloq.] "Mahomet Ali will just be chucked into the Nile." --Lord Palmerson. 3. (Mech.) To place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in turning; to bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a chuck.
Con*cus"sion\, n. [L. concussio, fr. concutere, concussum, to shake violenty; con- + quatere to shake. See Cashier, Quash.]1. A shaking or agitation; a shock; caused by the collision of two bodies. It is believed that great ringing of bells, in populous cities, hath dissipated pestilent air; which may be from the concussion of the air. --Bacon. 2. (Med.) A condition of lowered functional activity, without visible structural change, produced in an organ by a shock, as by fall or blow; as, a concussion of the brain. 3. (Civil Law) The unlawful forcing of another by threats of violence to yield up something of value. Then concussion, rapine, pilleries, Their catalogue of accusations fill. --Daniel. Concussion fuse (Mil.), one that is ignited by the concussion of the shell when it strikes. Syn: See Shock.
Shock\, v. t. (Physiol.) To subject to the action of an electrical discharge so as to cause a more or less violent depression or commotion of the nervous system.
Shake\, v. t. [imp. Shook; p. p. Shaken, (Shook, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Shaking.] [OE. shaken, schaken, AS. scacan, sceacan; akin to Icel. & Sw. skaka, OS. skakan, to depart, to flee. [root]161. Cf. Shock, v.]1. To cause to move with quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to make to tremble or shiver; to agitate. As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. --Rev. vi. 13. Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels That shake heaven's basis. --Milton. 2. Fig.: To move from firmness; to weaken the stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution of. When his doctrines grew too strong to be shook by his enemies, they persecuted his reputation. --Atterbury. Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love Can by his fraud be shaken or seduced. --Milton. 3. (Mus.) To give a tremulous tone to; to trill; as, to shake a note in music. 4. To move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; -- generally with an adverb, as off, out, etc.; as, to shake fruit down from a tree. Shake off the golden slumber of repose. --Shak. 'Tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age. --Shak. I could scarcely shake him out of my company. --Bunyan. To shake a cask (Naut.), to knock a cask to pieces and pack the staves. To shake hands, to perform the customary act of civility by clasping and moving hands, as an expression of greeting, farewell, good will, agreement, etc. To shake out a reef (Naut.), to untile the reef points and spread more canvas. To shake the bells. See under Bell. To shake the sails (Naut.), to luff up in the wind, causing the sails to shiver. --Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Shock\, n. [OE. schokke; cf. OD schocke, G. schock a heap, quantity, threescore, MHG. schoc, Sw. skok, and also G. hocke a heap of hay, Lith. kugis.]1. A pile or assemblage of sheaves of grain, as wheat, rye, or the like, set up in a field, the sheaves varying in number from twelve to sixteen; a stook. And cause it on shocks to be by and by set. --Tusser. Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks. --Thomson. 2. [G. schock.] (Com.) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; -- a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.
Shock\, n. [Cf. D. schok a bounce, jolt, or leap, OHG. scoc a swing, MHG. schoc, Icel. skykkjun tremuously, F. choc a shock, collision, a dashing or striking against, Sp. choque, It. ciocco a log. [root]161. Cf. Shock to shake.]1. A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision, or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a sudden violent impulse or onset. These strong, unshaken mounds resist the shocks Of tides and seas tempestuous. --Blackmore. He stood the shock of a whole host of foes. --Addison. 2. A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings; a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event. "A shock of pleasure." --Talfourd. 3. (Med.) A sudden depression of the vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe injury, overpowering emotion, or the like. 4. (Elec.) The sudden convulsion or contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a charged body. Syn: Concussion, Shock. Usage: Both words signify a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but concussion is restricted in use to matter, while shock is used also of mental states.
Shock\, n. [Cf. D. schok a bounce, jolt, or leap, OHG. scoc a swing, MHG. schoc, Icel. skykkjun tremuously, F. choc a shock, collision, a dashing or striking against, Sp. choque, It. ciocco a log. [root]161. Cf. Shock to shake.]1. A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision, or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a sudden violent impulse or onset. These strong, unshaken mounds resist the shocks Of tides and seas tempestuous. --Blackmore. He stood the shock of a whole host of foes. --Addison. 2. A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings; a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event. "A shock of pleasure." --Talfourd. 3. (Med.) A sudden depression of the vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe injury, overpowering emotion, or the like. 4. (Elec.) The sudden convulsion or contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a charged body. Syn: Concussion, Shock. Usage: Both words signify a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but concussion is restricted in use to matter, while shock is used also of mental states.
Shock\, n. [Cf. D. schok a bounce, jolt, or leap, OHG. scoc a swing, MHG. schoc, Icel. skykkjun tremuously, F. choc a shock, collision, a dashing or striking against, Sp. choque, It. ciocco a log. [root]161. Cf. Shock to shake.]1. A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision, or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a sudden violent impulse or onset. These strong, unshaken mounds resist the shocks Of tides and seas tempestuous. --Blackmore. He stood the shock of a whole host of foes. --Addison. 2. A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings; a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event. "A shock of pleasure." --Talfourd. 3. (Med.) A sudden depression of the vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe injury, overpowering emotion, or the like. 4. (Elec.) The sudden convulsion or contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a charged body. Syn: Concussion, Shock. Usage: Both words signify a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but concussion is restricted in use to matter, while shock is used also of mental states.
Shock\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Shocking.] [OE. schokken; cf. D. schokken, F. choquer, Sp. chocar. [root]161. Cf. Chuck to strike, Jog, Shake, Shock a striking, Shog, n. & v.]1. To give a shock to; to cause to shake or waver; hence, to strike against suddenly; to encounter with violence. Come the three corners of the world in arms, And we shall shock them. --Shak. I shall never forget the force with which he shocked De Vipont. --Sir W. Scott. 2. To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust; to cause to recoil; as, his violence shocked his associates. Advise him not to shock a father's will. --Dryden.
Shock\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Shocking.] [OE. schokken; cf. D. schokken, F. choquer, Sp. chocar. [root]161. Cf. Chuck to strike, Jog, Shake, Shock a striking, Shog, n. & v.]1. To give a shock to; to cause to shake or waver; hence, to strike against suddenly; to encounter with violence. Come the three corners of the world in arms, And we shall shock them. --Shak. I shall never forget the force with which he shocked De Vipont. --Sir W. Scott. 2. To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust; to cause to recoil; as, his violence shocked his associates. Advise him not to shock a father's will. --Dryden.
Shock\, v. i. To meet with a shock; to meet in violent encounter. "They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together." --De Quincey.
Shock\, n. [Cf. Shag.]1. (Zo["o]l.) A dog with long hair or shag; -- called also shockdog. 2. A thick mass of bushy hair; as, a head covered with a shock of sandy hair.
Shook\, n. [Cf. Shock a bundle of sheaves.] (Com.) (a) A set of staves and headings sufficient in number for one hogshead, cask, barrel, or the like, trimmed, and bound together in compact form. (b) A set of boards for a sugar box. (c) The parts of a piece of house furniture, as a bedstead, packed together.
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