Bo·lo·gna (bə-lōn'yə) A city of north-central Italy at the foot of the Apennines north-northeast of Florence. It was originally an Etruscan town and became a Roman colony in the second century B.C. Its famed university was founded as a law school in A.D. 425. Population: 373,000. Bo·lo'gnan, Bo'lo·gnese' (bō'lə-nēz', -nēs', -lən-yēz', -yēs') adj. & n.