O.E.
bread "crumb, morsel," originally simply "piece of food" (cf. Slovenian
kruh "bread," lit. "a piece"), from P.Gmc.
*brautham (cf. O.N.
brot, Dan.
brød, Ger.
Brot), which would be from the root of
brew (q.v.). But other authorities deny this and suggest the basic sense was not "cooked food" but "piece," and the O.E. word derives from a P.Gmc.
*braudsmon- "fragments, bits" (cf. O.H.G.
brosma "crumb") and is related to the root of
break. Replaced by 1200 the O.E. word for bread, which was
hlaf, see
loaf. The verb "to dress with bread crumbs" is from 1727. Slang meaning "money" dates from 1940s, but
bread-winner is from 1818.
Bread-and-butter in the fig. sense of "basic needs" is from 1732.
Bread and circuses (1914) is from L., in ref. to food and entertainment provided by governments to keep the populace happy.
"Duas tantum res anxius optat, Panem et circenses" [Juvenal,
Sat. x.80].