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centaury

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cen⋅tau⋅ry

[sen-taw-ree]
–noun, plural -ries.
1. any of various plants belonging to the genus Centaurium, of the gentian family, having clusters of small pink or red flowers.
2. any of several other plants of the genera Centaurea and Sabatia.

Origin:
bef. 1000; ME, OE centaurie < ML centauria, appar. < Gk kentaúria, neut. pl. (taken in ML as fem. sing.) of kentaúrion, n. use of neut. of kentaúrios (adj.), equiv. to kéntaur(os) centaur + -ios adj. suffix; said to be in reference to the centaur Chiron, known for his knowledge of medicinal plants
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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cen·tau·ry   (sěn'tôr'ē)   
n.   pl. cen·tau·ries
Any of several herbs of the genus Centaurium, especially a Eurasian species (C. erythraea) that has clusters of pink flowers and has long been used in herbal medicine.

[Middle English, from Old English centaurie, from Latin centaurēum, from Greek kentaureion, from Kentauros, centaur (from the legend that the plant's medicinal properties were discovered by the centaur Chiron).]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

centaury 
small plant with red flowers (now usually erythraea Centaureum), c.1386, from M.L. centaurea, from L. centaureum, from Gk. kentaureion, from kentauros "centaur" (see centaur), so called because the plant's medicinal properties were discovered by Chiron the centaur. Ger. Tausendgüldenkraut is based on a mistranslation of the L. word, as if from centum + aurum.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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