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electric circuit

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cir⋅cuit

  [sur-kit]
–noun
1. an act or instance of going or moving around.
2. a circular journey or one beginning and ending at the same place; a round.
3. a roundabout journey or course.
4. a periodical journey from place to place, to perform certain duties, as by judges to hold court, ministers to preach, or salespeople covering a route.
5. the persons making such a journey.
6. the route followed, places visited, or district covered by such a journey.
7. the line going around or bounding any area or object; the distance about an area or object.
8. the space within a bounding line; district: the circuit of the valley.
9. Electricity.
a. Also called electric circuit. the complete path of an electric current, including the generating apparatus, intervening resistors, or capacitors.
b. any well-defined segment of a complete circuit.
10. Telecommunications. a means of transmitting communication signals or messages, usually comprising two channels for interactive communication. Compare channel 1 (def. 12).
11. a number of theaters, nightclubs, etc., controlled by the same owner or manager or visited in turn by the same entertainers or acting companies.
12. a league or association: He used to play baseball for the Texas circuit.
–verb (used with object)
13. to go or move around; make the circuit of.
–verb (used without object)
14. to go or move in a circuit.
—Idiom
15. ride circuit, Law. (of a judge) to travel a judicial county or district in order to conduct judicial proceedings.
Origin:
1350–1400; ME < L circuitus, var. of circumitus circular motion, cycle, equiv. to circu(m)i-, var. s. of circu(m)īre to go round, circle (circum- circum- + īre to go) + -tus suffix of v. action; cf. ambit, exit

Related forms:
cir⋅cuit⋅al, adjective

Synonyms:
2. tour, revolution, orbit. 7. circumference, perimeter, periphery, boundary, compass. 8. region, compass, area, range, field. 11. chain.
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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Word Origin & History

circuit 
1382, from O.Fr. circuit, from L. circuitus "a going around," from stem of circuire, circumire "go around," from circum "around" + -ire "to go." Electrical sense is from 1800; circuitry is from 1946. Circuitous is from 1664.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Legal Dictionary

Main Entry: cir·cuit
Function: noun
1 a : a route formerly taken by traveling judges b : a district established within a state or the federal judicial system —see also the JUDICIAL SYSTEM in the back matter
2 cap : the court of appeals for a circuit in the federal judicial system Circuit's ruling —V. M. Sher>
Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law, © 1996 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: cir·cuit
Pronunciation: 's&r-k&t
Function: noun
: the complete path of an electric current including usually the source ofelectric energy
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Science Dictionary
circuit   (sûr'kĭt)  Pronunciation Key 


(click for larger image in new window)

  1. A closed path through which an electric current flows or may flow. ◇ Circuits in which a power source is connected to two or more components (such as light bulbs, or logic gates in a computer circuit), one after the other, are called series circuits. If the circuit is broken, none of the components receives a current. Circuits in which a power source is directly connected to two or more components are called parallel circuits. If a break occurs in the circuit, only the component along whose path the break occurs stops receiving a current.

  2. A system of electrically connected parts or devices.


The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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