e·quiv·a·lence

[ih-kwiv-uh-luhns or for 3, ee-kwuh-vey-luhns]
noun Also, equivalency (for defs 1, 2).
1.
the state or fact of being equivalent; equality in value, force, significance, etc.
2.
an instance of this; an equivalent.
3.
Chemistry. the quality of having equal valence.
4.
Logic, Mathematics.
a.
Also called material implication. the relation between two propositions such that the second is not false when the first is true.
b.
Also called material equivalence. the relation between two propositions such that they are either both true or both false.
c.
the relation between two propositions such that each logically implies the other.
adjective
5.
(of a logical or mathematical relationship) reflexive, symmetrical, and transitive.
00:10
Equivalence is always a great word to know.
So is reagent. Does it mean:
a salt of hydrocyanic acid, such as potassium cyanide, KCN
a substance that, because of the reactions it causes, is used in analysis and synthesis

Origin:
1535–45; < Middle French < Medieval Latin aequivalentia, equivalent to Latin aequivalent- equivalent + -ia -ia; see -ence

non·e·quiv·a·lence, noun
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Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2013.
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World English Dictionary
equivalence or equivalency (ɪˈkwɪvələns) [Click for IPA pronunciation guide]
 
n
1.  the state of being equivalent or interchangeable
2.  maths, logic
 a.  the relationship between two statements, each of which implies the other
 b.  Also called: biconditional the binary truth-function that takes the value true when both component sentences are true or when both are false, corresponding to English if and only if. Symbol: ≡ or ↔, as in --(pq) ≡ --p ∨ --q
 
equivalency or equivalency
 
n

equivalency or equivalence (ˌɛkwɪˈveɪlənsɪ) [Click for IPA pronunciation guide]
 
n
chem the state of having equal valencies
 
equivalence or equivalence
 
n
 
equi'valent or equivalence
 
adj

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
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Etymonline
Word Origin & History

equivalence
1540s, from Fr. équivalence, from M.L. aequivalentia, from aequivalentem (see equivalent). Related: Equivalency (1530s).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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Example sentences
The main thing is that graduation requires the equivalence of comprehensives
  and some independent work.
Here, the kind of equivalence used represents a restrictive aspect of reality
  as an economic one.
Capital and income are not taxed with any mathematical equivalence, and
  inflation is not directly addressed.
One way to treat this claim is as a mathematical claim about formal or
  transformational equivalence.
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