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fata morgana

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Fa⋅ta Mor⋅ga⋅na

[It. fah-tah mawr-gah-nah]
–noun
Meteorology. a mirage consisting of multiple images, as of cliffs and buildings, that are distorted and magnified to resemble elaborate castles, often seen near the Straits of Messina.

Origin:
1810–20; < It, trans. of Morgan le Fay, associated in literature with magical castles
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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fa·ta mor·ga·na   (fä'tə môr-gä'nə)   
n.  See mirage.

[Italian, mirage, Morgan le Fay (from the belief that the mirage was caused by her witchcraft) : fata, fairy (from Vulgar Latin fāta, goddess of fate; see fairy) + Morgana, Morgan (probably from Old Irish Morrigain).]
mi·rage   (mĭ-räzh')   
n.  
  1. An optical phenomenon that creates the illusion of water, often with inverted reflections of distant objects, and results from distortion of light by alternate layers of hot and cool air. Also called fata morgana.

  2. Something illusory or insubstantial.


[French, from mirer, to look at, from Latin mīrārī, to wonder at, from mīrus, wonderful; see smei- in Indo-European roots.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

Fata Morgana 
1818, lit. "Fairy Morgana," mirage especially common in the Strait of Messina, Italy, from Morgana, the "Morgan le Fay" of Anglo-Fr. poetry, sister of King Arthur, located in Calabria by Norman settlers. Morgan is Welsh, "sea-dweller." There is perhaps, too, here an infl. of Ar. marjan, lit. "pearl," also a fem. proper name, popularly the name of a sorceress.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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