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| an arrangement of five objects, as trees, in a square or rectangle, one at each corner and one in the middle. |
| an extraordinary or unusual thing, person, or event; an exceptional example or instance. |
| formal logic | |
| —n | |
| 1. | Compare philosophical logic Also called: symbolic logic the study of systems of deductive argument in which symbols are used to represent precisely defined categories of expressions |
| 2. | a specific formal system that can be interpreted as representing a fragment of natural argument |
formal logic
the abstract study of propositions, statements, or assertively used sentences and of deductive arguments. The discipline abstracts from the content of these elements the structures or logical forms that they embody. The logician customarily uses a symbolic notation to express such structures clearly and unambiguously and to enable manipulations and tests of validity to be more easily applied. Although the following discussion freely employs the technical notation of modern symbolic logic, its symbols are introduced gradually and with accompanying explanations so that the serious and attentive general reader should be able to follow the development of ideas
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