gan·gli·on

[gang-glee-uhn]
noun, plural gan·gli·a [-glee-uh] , gan·gli·ons.
1.
Anatomy.
a.
a mass of nerve tissue existing outside the central nervous system.
b.
any of certain masses of gray matter in the brain, as the basal ganglia.
2.
Pathology. a cyst or enlargement in connection with the sheath of a tendon, usually at the wrist.
3.
a center of intellectual or industrial force, activity, etc.

Origin:
1675–85; < Late Latin: a type of swelling < Greek gánglion a tumor under the skin, on or near a tendon

gan·gli·al, gan·gli·ar, adjective
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2013.
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Collins
World English Dictionary
ganglion (ˈɡæŋɡlɪən) [Click for IPA pronunciation guide]
 
n , pl -glia, -glions
1.  an encapsulated collection of nerve-cell bodies, usually located outside the brain and spinal cord
2.  any concentration of energy, activity, or strength
3.  a cystic tumour on a tendon sheath or joint capsule
 
[C17: from Late Latin: swelling, from Greek: cystic tumour]
 
'ganglial
 
adj
 
'gangliar
 
adj
 
gangli'onic
 
adj
 
'gangliated
 
adj

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
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00:10
Ganglia is always a great word to know.
So is lollapalooza. Does it mean:
the offspring of a zebra and a donkey.
an extraordinary or unusual thing, person, or event; an exceptional example or instance.
Etymonline
Word Origin & History

ganglion
1681, from Gk. ganglion "tumor," used by Galen for "nerve bundle." Of unknown origin; according to Galen, the proper sense of the word was "anything gathered into a ball."

ganglia
Latin plural of ganglion.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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American Heritage
Medical Dictionary

ganglion gan·gli·on (gāng'glē-ən)
n. pl. gan·gli·ons or gan·gli·a (-glē-ə)

  1. A group of nerve cells forming a nerve center, especially one located outside the brain or spinal cord. Also called neuroganglion.

  2. A benign tumorlike cyst containing mucopolysaccharide-rich fluid enclosed within fibrous tissue and usually attached to a tendon sheath in the hand, wrist, or foot. Also called myxoid cyst, synovial cyst.


gan'gli·al adj.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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American Heritage
Science Dictionary
ganglion   (gāng'glē-ən)  Pronunciation Key 
Plural ganglia
A compact group of neurons enclosed by connective tissue and having a specific function. In invertebrate animals, pairs of ganglia occur at intervals along the axis of the body, with the forwardmost pair functioning like a brain. In vertebrates, ganglia are usually located outside the brain or spinal cord, where they regulate the functioning of the body's organs and glands as part of the autonomic nervous system.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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Example sentences
Working with the cerebellum, which is located at the base of the skull, the
  basal ganglia control movement.
These are loosely grouped into the limbic system and the basal ganglia,
  although not everyone agrees what is what.
These preganglionic fibers terminate in sympathetic ganglia from which the
  impulses are carried by other neurons.
Specific areas of the brain, such as the basal ganglia, are more likely to be
  injured from liver failure.
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