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in voluntary

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in⋅vol⋅un⋅tar⋅y

  [in-vol-uhn-ter-ee]
Use in voluntary in a Sentence
–adjective
1. not voluntary; independent of one's will; not by one's own choice: an involuntary listener; involuntary servitude.
2. unintentional; unconscious: an involuntary gesture.
3. Physiology. acting independently of or done or occurring without volition: involuntary muscles.
Origin:
1525–35; < LL involuntārius. See in- 3 , voluntary

Related forms:
in⋅vol⋅un⋅tar⋅i⋅ly  [in-vol-uhn-ter-uh-lee, -vol-uhn-tair-] , adverb
in⋅vol⋅un⋅tar⋅i⋅ness, noun

Synonyms:
1, 3. See automatic. 2. instinctive. 3. reflex, uncontrolled.

Antonyms:
2. intentional.
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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Word Origin & History

involuntary 
1531, from L.L. involuntarius "involuntary," from in- "not" + L. voluntarius (see voluntary).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Legal Dictionary

Main Entry: in·vol·un·tary
Pronunciation: in-'vä-l&n-"ter-E
Function: adjective
: done, made, or initiated contrary to or without one's choice involuntary confession> involuntary lien> involuntary plaintiff joined in the action> —in·vol·un·tar·i·ly adverb
Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law, © 1996 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: in·vol·un·tary
Pronunciation: (')in-'väl-&n-"ter-E
Function: adjective
: not subject to control of the will : REFLEX <involuntary contractions>
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Medical Dictionary

involuntary in·vol·un·tar·y (ĭn-vŏl'ən-těr'ē)
adj.

  1. Not subject to control of the volition.

  2. Acting or done without or against one's will.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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Science Dictionary
involuntary   (ĭn-vŏl'ən-těr'ē)  Pronunciation Key 
Not under conscious control. Most of the biological processes in animals that are vital to life, such as contraction of the heart, blood flow, breathing, and digestion, are involuntary and controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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