[nol-ij] Pronunciation Key | 1. | acquaintance with facts, truths, or principles, as from study or investigation; general erudition: knowledge of many things. |
| 2. | familiarity or conversance, as with a particular subject or branch of learning: A knowledge of accounting was necessary for the job. |
| 3. | acquaintance or familiarity gained by sight, experience, or report: a knowledge of human nature. |
| 4. | the fact or state of knowing; the perception of fact or truth; clear and certain mental apprehension. |
| 5. | awareness, as of a fact or circumstance: He had knowledge of her good fortune. |
| 6. | something that is or may be known; information: He sought knowledge of her activities. |
| 7. | the body of truths or facts accumulated in the course of time. |
| 8. | the sum of what is known: Knowledge of the true situation is limited. |
| 9. | Archaic. sexual intercourse. Compare carnal knowledge. |
| 10. | creating, involving, using, or disseminating special knowledge or information: A computer expert can always find a good job in the knowledge industry. |
| 11. | to one's knowledge, according to the information available to one: To my knowledge he hasn't been here before. |
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006.
| knowl·edge
(nŏl'ĭj) Pronunciation Key
n.
[Middle English knoulech : knouen, to know; see know + -leche, n. suff.] Synonyms: These nouns refer to what is known, as through study or experience. Knowledge is the broadest: "Science is organized knowledge" (Herbert Spencer). |
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2006 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
knowledge
| knowledge | |
noun | |
| the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning [syn: cognition] |
Copyright © 1997 by The Christine Ammer 1992 Trust. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Main Entry: know·ledge
Function: noun
1 a : awareness or understanding esp. of an act, a fact, or the truth : ACTUAL KNOWLEDGE 1 in this entry b : awareness that a fact or circumstance probably exists; broadly : CONSTRUCTIVE KNOWLEDGE in this entry —see also SCIENTER, WILLFUL BLINDNESS
NOTE: Knowledge fundamentally differs from intent in being grounded in awareness rather than purpose.
ac·tu·al knowledge
1 : direct and clear awareness (as of a fact or condition)
2 : awareness of such information as would cause a reasonable person to inquire further; specifically : such awareness considered as a timely and sufficient substitute for actual notice (as of a work-related injury or of a bankruptcy proceeding)
con·struc·tive knowledge
: knowledge (as of a condition or fact) that one using ordinary care or diligence would possess
per·son·al knowledge
: direct knowledge of a matter or of the truth or falsity of an allegation personal knowledge of the matter —Federal Rules of Evidence Rule 602>
su·pe·ri·or knowledge
: knowledge greater than that possessed by another; especially : awareness of a condition or fact that affects another who was not aware of it
2 : the range of one's information, understanding, or expertise
knowledge artificial intelligence, information science
The objects, concepts and relationships that are assumed to exist in some area of interest. A collection of knowledge, represented using some knowledge representation language is known as a knowledge base and a program for extending and/or querying a knowledge base is a knowledge-based system.
Knowledge differs from data or information in that new knowledge may be created from existing knowledge using logical inference. If information is data plus meaning then knowledge is information plus processing.
A common form of knowledge, e.g. in a Prolog program, is a collection of facts and rules about some subject.
For example, a knowledge base about a family might contain the facts that John is David's son and Tom is John's son and the rule that the son of someone's son is their grandson. From this knowledge it could infer the new fact that Tom is David's grandson.
See also Knowledge Level.
(1994-10-19)
Knowledge
Knowl"edge\, n. [OE. knowlage, knowlege, knowleche, knawleche. The last part is the Icel. suffix -leikr, forming abstract nouns, orig. the same as Icel. leikr game, play, sport, akin to AS. l[=a]c, Goth. laiks dance. See Know, and cf. Lake, v. i., Lark a frolic.]1. The act or state of knowing; clear perception of fact, truth, or duty; certain apprehension; familiar cognizance; cognition. Knowledge, which is the highest degree of the speculative faculties, consists in the perception of the truth of affirmative or negative propositions. --Locke. 2. That which is or may be known; the object of an act of knowing; a cognition; -- chiefly used in the plural. There is a great difference in the delivery of the mathematics, which are the most abstracted of knowledges. --Bacon. Knowledges is a term in frequent use by Bacon, and, though now obsolete, should be revived, as without it we are compelled to borrow "cognitions" to express its import. --Sir W. Hamilton. To use a word of Bacon's, now unfortunately obsolete, we must determine the relative value of knowledges. --H. Spencer. 3. That which is gained and preserved by knowing; instruction; acquaintance; enlightenment; learning; scholarship; erudition. Knowledge puffeth up, but charity edifieth. --1 Cor. viii. 1. Ignorance is the curse of God; - Knowledge, the wing wherewith we fly to heaven. --Shak. 4. That familiarity which is gained by actual experience; practical skill; as, a knowledge of life. Shipmen that had knowledge of the sea. --1 Kings ix. 27. 5. Scope of information; cognizance; notice; as, it has not come to my knowledge. Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldst take knowledge of me? --Ruth ii. 10. 6. Sexual intercourse; -- usually preceded by carnal; as, carnal knowledge. Syn: See Wisdom.Knowledge
Knowl"edge\, v. t. To acknowledge. [Obs.] "Sinners which knowledge their sins." --Tyndale.Copyright © 2008, Dictionary.com, LLC. All rights reserved.













