[i-kwiv-uh-luh
ns or, for 3, ee-kwuh-vey-luhns] 
| 1. | the state or fact of being equivalent; equality in value, force, significance, etc. |
| 2. | an instance of this; an equivalent. |
| 3. | Chemistry. the quality of having equal valence. |
| 4. | Logic, Mathematics.
|
| 5. | (of a logical or mathematical relationship) reflexive, symmetrical, and transitive. |
material equivalence
in logic and mathematics, the formation of a proposition from two others which are linked by the phrase "if, and only if." The equivalence formed from two propositions p and q also may be defined by the statement "p is a necessary and sufficient condition for q."
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