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mutualism

- 7 dictionary results

mu⋅tu⋅al⋅ism

[myoo-choo-uh-liz-uhm]
–noun
1. a relationship between two species of organisms in which both benefit from the association.
2. the doctrine that the interdependence of social elements is the primary determinant of individual and social relations, esp. the theory that common ownership of property, or collective effort and control governed by sentiments of brotherhood and mutual aid, will be beneficial to both the individual and society.
3. Sociology. the force or principle of mutual aid.

Origin:
1860–65; mutual + -ism


mu⋅tu⋅al⋅ist, noun
mu⋅tu⋅al⋅is⋅tic, adjective
mu·tu·al·ism   (myōō'chōō-ə-lĭz'əm)   
n.  An association between organisms of two different species in which each member benefits.
mu'tu·al·is'tic adj.

Mutualism

Mu"tu*al*ism\, n. (Ethics) The doctrine of mutual dependence as the condition of individual and social welfare. --F. Harrison. --H. Spencer. --Mallock.

Main Entry: mu·tu·al·ism
Pronunciation: 'myüch-(&-)w&-"liz-&m, 'myü-ch&-"liz-
Function: noun
: mutuallybeneficial association between different kinds of organisms —mu·tu·al·ist /-l&st/ nounmu·tu·al·is·tic /"myüch-(&-)w&-'lis-tik, "myü-ch&-'lis-/ adjective

mutualism mu·tu·al·ism (my&oomacr;'ch&oomacr;-ə-lĭz'əm)
n.
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.


mu'tu·al·is'tic adj.

mutualism   (my'ch-ə-lĭz'əm)  Pronunciation Key 
A symbiotic relationship in which each of the organisms benefits. ◇ In obligate mutualism the interacting species are interdependent and cannot survive without each other. The fungi and algae that combine to form lichen are obligate mutualists. ◇ In the more common facultative mutualism the interacting species derive benefit without being fully dependent. Many plants produce fruits that are eaten by birds, and the birds later excrete the seeds of these fruits far from the parent plant. While both species benefit, the birds have other food available to them, and the plants can disperse their seeds when the uneaten fruit drops. Compare amensalism, commensalism, parasitism.

mutualism

association between organisms of two different species in which each is benefited. Mutualistic arrangements are most likely to develop between organisms with widely differing living requirements. The partnership between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants is an example, as is the association between cows and rumen bacteria (the bacteria live in the digestive tract and help digest the plants eaten by the cow). The associations between tree roots and certain fungi are often mutualistic (see mycorrhiza.)

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