ol·i·vine

[ol-uh-veen, ol-uh-veen]
noun
Mineralogy. any of a group of magnesium iron silicates, (Mg,Fe) 2 SiO 4 , occurring in olive-green to gray-green masses as an important constituent of basic igneous rocks.
Also called chrysolite.


Origin:
1785–95; < German Olivin, equivalent to Olive olive + -in -ine2

ol·i·vin·ic [ol-uh-vin-ik] , ol·i·vin·it·ic [ol-uh-vi-nit-ik] , adjective
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2013.
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Olivine is always a great word to know.
So is quincunx. Does it mean:
an extraordinary or unusual thing, person, or event; an exceptional example or instance.
an arrangement of five objects, as trees, in a square or rectangle, one at each corner and one in the middle.
Collins
World English Dictionary
olivine (ˈɒlɪˌviːn, ˌɒlɪˈviːn) [Click for IPA pronunciation guide]
 
n
1.  Also called: chrysolite an olive-green mineral of the olivine group, found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. The clear-green variety (peridot) is used as a gemstone. Composition: magnesium iron silicate. Formula: (MgFe)2SiO4. Crystal structure: orthorhombic
2.  any mineral in the group having the general formula (Mg,Fe,Mn,Ca)2SiO4
 
[C18: from German, named after its colour]

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
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American Heritage
Science Dictionary
olivine   (ŏl'ə-vēn')  Pronunciation Key 
An olive-green to brownish-green orthorhombic mineral. Olivine is a common mineral in the igneous rocks, such as basalt and gabbro, that make up most of the Earth's crust beneath the oceans. Chemical formula: (Mg,Fe)2SiO4. ◇ Olivine in which the mafic component consists entirely of magnesium is called forsterite. Chemical formula: Mg2SiO4. ◇ Olivine in which the mafic component consists entirely of iron is called fayalite. Chemical formula: Fe2SiO4.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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Example sentences
In general, rocks collected from the submarine extension of the southwest rift
  zone are rich in the heavy green mineral olivine.
The remainder was recovered from dolomite, magnesite, and olivine.
We know that magma supplied from the hot spot to the volcanoes is chock-full of
  olivine crystals.
Blues and greens indicate substances such as pyroxene and olivine, while warmer
  tones show clays and other materials.
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