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paris commune

 - 3 dictionary results

com⋅mune

3[kom-yoon]
–noun
1. a small group of persons living together, sharing possessions, work, income, etc., and often pursuing unconventional lifestyles.
2. a close-knit community of people who share common interests.
3. the smallest administrative division in France, Italy, Switzerland, etc., governed by a mayor assisted by a municipal council.
4. a similar division in some other country.
5. any community organized for the protection and promotion of local interests, and subordinate to the state.
6. the government or citizens of a commune.
7. people's commune.
8. the Commune. Also called Commune of Paris, Paris Commune.
a. a revolutionary committee that took the place of the municipality of Paris in the revolution of 1789, usurped the authority of the state, and was suppressed by the National Convention in 1794.
b. a socialistic government of Paris from March 18 to May 27, 1871.

Origin:
1785–95; < F < ML commūna (fem.), alter. of L commūne community, state, orig. neut. of commūnis common
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Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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Word Origin & History

commune  (n.)
1792, from Fr., "small territorial divisions set up after the Revolution," from M.Fr. commune "free city, group of citizens," from M.L. communia, orig. neut. pl. of L. communis, lit. "that which is common," from communis (see common). The Commune of Paris usurped the government during the Reign of Terror. The word was later applied to a government on communalistic principles set up in Paris in 1871. Adherents of the 1871 government were Communards.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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