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philosophe

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phil⋅o⋅sophe

[fil-uh-sof, fil-uh-zof; Fr. fee-law-zawf]
–noun, plural -sophes [-sofs, -zofs; Fr. -zawf] .
1. any of the popular French intellectuals or social philosophers of the 18th century, as Diderot, Rousseau, or Voltaire.
2. a philosophaster.

Origin:
1770–80; < F
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2010.
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phi·lo·sophe   (fĭl'ə-sŏf', fē'lô-zôf')   
n.  Any of the leading philosophical, political, and social writers of the 18th-century French Enlightenment.

[French, from Old French, philosopher; see philosopher.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

philosophe 
"Enlightenment rationalist and skeptic," esp. in ref. to any of the Fr. Encyclopædists, often disparaging (when used by believers), 1774, from Fr. philosophe, lit. "philosopher" (see philosopher). Usually italicized in Eng., but nativized by Peter Gay ("The Enlightenment," 1966) and others. Also philosophist (1798).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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