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| the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element; the number of protons determines the identity of the element |
| any of the energy levels of a physical system, such as an atom or molecule, that has higher energy than the lowest energy level |
| quantum theory | |
| —n | |
| See wave mechanics a theory concerning the behaviour of physical systems based on Planck's idea that they can only possess certain properties, such as energy and angular momentum, in discrete amounts (quanta). The theory later developed in several equivalent mathematical forms based on De Broglie's theory and on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle | |
quantum theory n.
The theory that radiant energy is transmitted in the form of discrete units.
quantum theory
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