res⋅o⋅lu⋅tion
[rez-uh-loo-shuh
n] 
| 1. | a formal expression of opinion or intention made, usually after voting, by a formal organization, a legislature, a club, or other group. Compare concurrent resolution, joint resolution. |
| 2. | a resolve or determination: to make a firm resolution to do something. |
| 3. | the act of resolving or determining upon an action or course of action, method, procedure, etc. |
| 4. | the mental state or quality of being resolved or resolute; firmness of purpose. |
| 5. | the act or process of resolving or separating into constituent or elementary parts. |
| 6. | the resulting state. |
| 7. | Optics. the act, process, or capability of distinguishing between two separate but adjacent objects or sources of light or between two nearly equal wavelengths. Compare resolving power. |
| 8. | a solution, accommodation, or settling of a problem, controversy, etc. |
| 9. | Music.
|
| 10. | reduction to a simpler form; conversion. |
| 11. | Medicine/Medical. the reduction or disappearance of a swelling or inflammation without suppuration. |
| 12. | the degree of sharpness of a computer-generated image as measured by the number of dots per linear inch in a hard-copy printout or the number of pixels across and down on a display screen. |
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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| res·o·lu·tion (rěz'ə-lōō'shən) n.
|
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Resolution
Res`o*lu"tion\ (-l?"sh?n), n. [F. r['e]solution. L. resolutio a loosening, solution. See Resolve.]1. The act, operation, or process of resolving. Specifically: (a) The act of separating a compound into its elements or component parts. (b) The act of analyzing a complex notion, or solving a vexed question or difficult problem. The unraveling and resolution of the difficulties that are met with in the execution of the design are the end of an action. --Dryden. 2. The state of being relaxed; relaxation. [Obs.] 3. The state of being resolved, settled, or determined; firmness; steadiness; constancy; determination. Be it with resolution then to fight. --Shak. 4. That which is resolved or determined; a settled purpose; determination. Specifically: A formal expression of the opinion or will of an official body or a public assembly, adopted by vote; as, a legislative resolution; the resolutions of a public meeting. 5. The state of being resolved or firm in opinion or thought; conviction; assurance. [Obs.] Little resolution and certainty there is as touching the islands of Mauritania. --Holland. 6. (Math.) The act or process of solving; solution; as, the resolution of an equation or problem. 7. (Med.) A breaking up, disappearance; or termination, as of a fever, a tumor, or the like. 8. (Mus.) The passing of a dissonant into a consonant chord by the rising or falling of the note which makes the discord. Joint resolution. See under Joint, a. Resolution of a force or motion (Mech.), the separation of a single force or motion into two or more which have different directions, and, taken together, are an equivalent for the single one; -- the opposite of composition of a force. Resolution of a nebula (Astron.), the exhibition of it to the eye by a telescope of such power as to show it to be composed of small stars. Syn: Decision; analysis; separation; disentanglement; dissolution; resolvedness; resoluteness; firmness; constancy; perseverance; steadfastness; fortitude; boldness; purpose; resolve. See Decision.Cite This Source
resolution
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Main Entry: res·o·lu·tion
Pronunciation: "re-z&-'lü-sh&n
Function: noun
1 : a formal expression of opinion, will, or intention voted by an official body (as a legislature) or assembled group —see also CONCURRENT RESOLUTION, JOINT RESOLUTION
2 : an expression or document containing authorization usually by a corporate board of directors of a particular act, transaction, agent, or representative resolution authorizing counsel to bind the corporation to a settlement>
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Main Entry: res·o·lu·tion
Pronunciation: "rez-&-'lü-sh&n
Function: noun
1 : the separating of a chemical compoundor mixture into its constituents
2 : the process or capability of making distinguishable the individual parts of an object, closely adjacent optical images, or sources of light
3 : the subsidence of a pathological state (as inflammation)
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resolution res·o·lu·tion (rěz'ə-l&oomacr;'shən)
n.
- The subsiding or termination of an abnormal condition, such as a fever or an inflammation.
- The act or process of separating or reducing something into its constituent parts.
- The fineness of detail that can be distinguished in an image, as on a video display terminal.
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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resolution
1.
2.
For example, given the sentence:
(man(X) => mortal(X)) AND man(socrates).
The literal "man(X)" is "negative". The literal "man(socrates)" could be considered to be on the right hand side of the degenerate implication
True => man(socrates)
and is therefore "positive". The two literals can be unified by the binding X = socrates.
The truth table for the implication function is
A | B | A => B --+---+------- F | F | T F | T | T T | F | F T | T | T
(The implication only fails if its premise is true but its conclusion is false). From this we can see that
A => B == (NOT A) OR B
Which is why the left hand side of the implication is said to be negative and the right positive. The sentence above could thus be written
((NOT man(socrates)) OR mortal(socrates)) AND man(socrates)
Distributing the AND over the OR gives
((NOT man(socrates)) AND man(socrates)) OR mortal(socrates) AND man(socrates)
And since (NOT A) AND A == False, and False OR A == A we can simplify to just
mortal(socrates) AND man(socrates)
So we have proved the new literal, mortal(socrates).
Resolution with backtracking is the basic control mechanism of Prolog.
See also modus ponens, SLD Resolution.
3.
(1996-02-09)
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resolution
in chemistry, any process by which a mixture called a racemate (q.v.) is separated into its two constituent enantiomorphs. (Enantiomorphs are pairs of substances that have dissymmetric arrangements of atoms and structures that are nonsuperposable mirror images of one another.) Two important methods of resolution were employed by Louis Pasteur. The first of these, known as the method of spontaneous resolution, can be used if the racemic substance crystallizes as a conglomerate composed of observably different particles of the two enantiomorphs, which can be physically sorted. Only a few instances of this condition have been reported; consequently, this method, although of historical and theoretical interest, seldom is applicable. Pasteur's second method, however, is of much greater practicality: it is based upon the conversion of the mixture of enantiomorphs into a mixture of diastereoisomers (optical isomers that are not mirror images of one another), which differ in physical properties and therefore can be separated. This transformation requires the use of a previously obtained optically active substance. For example, Pasteur showed in 1853 that, when racemic acid is mixed with a naturally occurring base, such as cinchonine, the resulting salt is a mixture of diastereoisomers and no longer one of enantiomorphs. The two salts present in the mixture, therefore, have different solubilities and so are separable
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