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retrovirus - 7 dictionary results

ret⋅ro⋅vi⋅rus

[re-truh-vahy-ruhs, re-truh-vahy-]
–noun, plural -rus⋅es.
any of a family of single-stranded RNA viruses having a helical envelope and containing an enzyme that allows for a reversal of genetic transcription, from RNA to DNA rather than the usual DNA to RNA, the newly transcribed viral DNA being incorporated into the host cell's DNA strand for the production of new RNA retroviruses: the family includes the AIDS virus and certain oncogene-carrying viruses implicated in various cancers.

Origin:
1975–80; retro- + virus


ret⋅ro⋅vi⋅ral, adjective
ret·ro·vi·rus   (rět'rō-vī'rəs, rět'rə-vī'-)   
n.   pl. ret·ro·vi·rus·es
Any of a group of viruses, many of which produce tumors, that contain RNA and reverse transcriptase, including the virus that causes AIDS.
ret'ro·vi'ral adj.

retrovirus

A virus, such as HIV, whose RNA codes for DNA, which is then inserted into some part of the host's DNA. This virus comes with its own special enzyme, called reverse transcriptase, which facilitates this insertion.


retrovirus 
1977, earlier retravirus (1974), from re(verse) tra(nscriptase) + virus. So called because it contains reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that uses RNA instead of DNA to encode genetic information, which reverses the usual pattern. Remodeled by infl. of retro- "backwards."

Main Entry: ret·ro·vi·rus
Pronunciation: 're-trO-"vI-r&s
Function: noun
: any of a family (Retroviridae) of single-stranded RNAviruses (as HIV and the Rous sarcoma virus) that produce reverse transcriptase by means of which DNA is synthesized using their RNA as a template and incorporated into the genome of infected cells andthat include numerous tumorigenic viruses called also RNA tumor virusret·ro·vi·ral /-r&l/ adjectiveret·ro·vi·ral·ly /-E/ adverb

retrovirus ret·ro·vi·rus (rět'rō-vī'rəs, rět'rə-vī'-)
n. pl. ret·ro·vi·rus·es
A virus of the family Retroviridae.

retrovirus   (rět'rō-vī'rəs)  Pronunciation Key 
Any of a group of RNA viruses whose RNA is used as a template inside a host cell for the formation of DNA by means of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The DNA thus formed is inserted into the host cell's genome. Most retroviruses can cause cancer. Retroviruses also include HIV.

retroviral adjective
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