Ru⋅dolf Jul⋅ius E⋅man⋅u⋅el /ˈrudɒlf ˈdʒulyəs ɪˈmænyuəl;Ger.ˈrudɔlf ˈyuliˌʊs eɪˈmɑnuˌɛl/Show Spelled Pronunciation[roo-dolf jool-yuhs i-man-yoo-uhl;Ger.roo-dawlf yoo-lee-oos ey-mah-noo-el]Show IPA, 1822–88, German mathematical physicist: pioneer in the field of thermodynamics.