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saltpeter

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salt⋅pe⋅ter

[sawlt-pee-ter]
–noun
1. the form of potassium nitrate, KNO3, that occurs naturally, used in the manufacture of fireworks, fluxes, gunpowder, etc.; niter.
2. Chile saltpeter.
Also, saltpetre.


Origin:
1275–1325; earlier salt peter; r. ME sal peter, salpetre < ML salpetrē, for L sal petrae salt of rock, so called because it commonly encrusts stones
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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ni·ter   (nī'tər)   
n.  A white, gray, or colorless mineral of potassium nitrate, KNO3, used in making gunpowder. Also called saltpeter.

[Middle English nitre, sodium carbonate, natron, from Old French, from Latin nitrum, from Greek nitron, from Egyptian nṯr.]
potassium nitrate  
n.  A transparent white crystalline compound, KNO3, used to pickle meat and in the manufacture of pyrotechnics, explosives, matches, rocket propellants, and fertilizers. Also called saltpeter.
salt·pe·ter   (sôlt'pē'tər)   
n.  
  1. See potassium nitrate.

  2. See sodium nitrate.

  3. See niter.


[Middle English salpetre, from Old French, from Medieval Latin sālpetrae : Latin sāl, salt; see sal- in Indo-European roots + Latin petrae, genitive of petra, rock (from Greek petrā; see per-2 in Indo-European roots).]
sodium nitrate  
n.  A white crystalline compound, NaNO3, used in solid rocket propellants, in the manufacture of explosives and glass and pottery enamel, and as fertilizer. Also called caliche, Chile saltpeter, saltpeter, soda niter.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

saltpeter 
"potassium nitrate," 1501, earlier salpetre (c.1325), from O.Fr. salpetre, from M.L. sal petrae "salt of rock," from L. sal "salt" (see salt) + petra "rock, stone." So called because it looks like salt encrusted on rock.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: salt·pe·ter
Variant: or chiefly British salt·pe·tre /'solt-'pEt-&r/
Function: noun
1 : POTASSIUM NITRATE
2 : SODIUMNITRATE
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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