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selenium - 6 dictionary results

se⋅le⋅ni⋅um

[si-lee-nee-uhm]
–noun Chemistry.
a nonmetallic element chemically resembling sulfur and tellurium, occurring in several allotropic forms, as crystalline and amorphous, and having an electrical resistance that varies under the influence of light. Symbol: Se; atomic weight: 78.96; atomic number: 34; specific gravity: (gray) 4.80 at 25°C, (red) 4.50 at 25°C.

Origin:
< NL (1818) < Gk seln(ē) moon + NL -ium -ium; named in allusion to its similarity to tellurium
se·le·ni·um   (sĭ-lē'nē-əm)   
n.   Symbol Se
A nonmetallic element, red in powder form, black in vitreous form, and metallic gray in crystalline form, resembling sulfur and obtained primarily as a byproduct of electrolytic copper refining. It is widely used in rectifiers, as a semiconductor, and in xerography. Its photovoltaic and photoconductive actions make it useful in photocells, photographic exposure meters, and solar cells. Atomic number 34; atomic weight 78.96; melting point (of gray selenium) 217°C; boiling point (gray) 684.9°C; specific gravity (gray) 4.79; (vitreous) 4.28; valence 2, 4, or 6. See Table at element.

[Greek selēnē, moon (from selas, light, brightness) + -ium.]

Selenium

Se*le"ni*um\, n. [NL., from Gr. ??? the moon. So called because of its chemical analogy to tellurium (from L. tellus the earth), being, as it were, a companion to it.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic element of the sulphur group, and analogous to sulphur in its compounds. It is found in small quantities with sulphur and some sulphur ores, and obtained in the free state as a dark reddish powder or crystalline mass, or as a dark metallic-looking substance. It exhibits under the action of light a remarkable variation in electric conductivity, and is used in certain electric apparatus. Symbol Se. Atomic weight 78.9.

Main Entry: se·le·ni·um
Pronunciation: s&-'lE-nE-&m
Function: noun
: a nonmetallic element that resembles sulfur and telluriumchemically, causes poisoning in range animals when ingested by eating some plants growing in soils in which it occurs in quantity, and occurs in allotropic forms of which a gray stable form varies inelectrical conductivity with the intensity of its illumination and is used in electronic devices —symbol Se; —see ELEMENT table

selenium se·le·ni·um (sĭ-lē'nē-əm)
n.
Symbol Se
A nonmetallic element, with red, black, and gray allotropic forms, resembling sulfur and obtained primarily as a byproduct of electrolytic copper refining. Atomic number 34; atomic weight 78.96; melting point (of gray selenium) 221°C; boiling point (gray) 684.9°C; specific gravity (gray) 4.79; (black) 4.28; valence 2, 4, or 6.

selenium   (sĭ-lē'nē-əm)  Pronunciation Key 
Symbol Se
A nonmetallic element that occurs in a gray crystalline form, as a red powder, or as a black glassy material. It is highly photosensitive and can be used to convert light into electricity. Its ability to conduct electricity also increases with higher exposure to light. For these reasons selenium is used in photocopying technology, photography, and solar cells. Atomic number 34; atomic weight 78.96; melting point 217°C; boiling point 684.9°C; specific gravity (gray) 4.79; (red) 4.5; (black) 4.28; valence 2, 4, or 6. See Periodic Table.
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