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solum

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so⋅lum

[soh-luhm]
–noun, plural -la [-luh] , -lums.
the upper part of the soil profile, which is influenced by plant roots; the A horizon and the B horizon.

Origin:
1820–30; < L: base, bottom; see sole 2
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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so·lum   (sō'ləm)   
n.   pl. so·la (-lə) or so·lums
The upper layers of a soil profile in which topsoil formation occurs.

[Latin, base, ground.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Science Dictionary
solum   (sō'ləm)  Pronunciation Key 
Plural sola or solums
The upper layers of a soil profile in which soil formation occurs. The A and B horizons in an ABC soil are part of the solum.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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