Word Origin & History
southO.E. suð "southward, in the south," from P.Gmc. *sunthaz (cf. O.S., O.Fris. suth "southward, in the south," M.Du. suut), perhaps related to base of *sunnon "sun," with sense of "the region of the sun." Ger. Süd, Süden are from a Du. pronunciation. O.Fr. sur, sud (Fr. sud), Sp. sur, sud
are loan-words from Gmc., perhaps from O.N. suðr. The Southern states of the U.S. have been collectively called The South since 1779 (though originally this often refered only to Georgia and South Carolina). South country in Britain means the part below the Tweed, in England the part below the Wash, and in Scotland the part below the Forth. The nautical coat called a sou'wester (1836) protects the wearer against severe weather, such as a gale out of the southwest. South Sea meant "the Mediterranean" (late 14c.) and "the English Channel" (early 15c.) before it came to mean (in pl.) "the South Pacific Ocean" (1520s).