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| the direct effect that one kind of particle has on another in inducing the emission or absorption of one particle by another |
| radiation in the form of elementary particles emitted by an atomic nucleus produced by decay of radioactive substances or by nuclear fission |
| specific gravity | |
| —n | |
| See relative density the ratio of the density of a substance to that of water | |
specific gravity n.
Abbr. sg, sp gr
The ratio of the mass of a solid or liquid to the mass of an equal volume of distilled water at 4°C (39°F) or of a gas to an equal volume of air or hydrogen under prescribed conditions of temperature and pressure.
| specific gravity (spĭ-sĭf'ĭk) Pronunciation Key
The relative density of a solid or liquid, usually when measured at a temperature of 20°C, compared with the maximum density of water (at 4°C). For example, the specific gravity of carbon steel is 7.8, that of lead is 11.34, and that of pure gold is 19.32. |