c.1290, the name of various musical instruments, from O.Fr.
symphonie "harmony" (12c.), from L.
symphonia "a unison of sounds, harmony," from Gk.
symphonia "harmony, concert," from
symphonos "harmonious," from
syn- "together" +
phone "voice, sound" (see
fame). Meaning "harmony of sounds" is attested from c.1440; sense of "music in parts" is from 1599. "It was only after the advent of Haydn that this word began to mean a sonata for full orchestra. Before that time it meant a prelude, postlude, or interlude, or any short instrumental work." ["Elson's Music Dictionary"] Meaning "elaborate orchestral composition" first attested 1789 (
symphonic in this sense is from 1864). Elliptical for "symphony orchestra" from 1926.