Origin: 1350–1400; var. of earlier (15th-century) tortuse, tortose, tortuce, ME tortuca < ML tortūca, for LL tartarūcha (fem. adj.) of Tartarus (< Gk tartaroûcha), the tortoise being regarded as an infernal animal; ML form influenced by L tortus crooked, twisted (see tort)
Any of various terrestrial turtles, especially one of the family Testudinidae, characteristically having thick clublike hind limbs and a high, rounded carapace.
Chiefly British A terrestrial or freshwater chelonian.
One that moves slowly; a laggard.
[Alteration (influenced by porpoise) of Middle English tortuce, from Medieval Latin tortūca, alteration of Late Latin tartarūcha, feminine of tartarūchus, of the underworld; see turtle1.]
1552, altered (perhaps by infl. of porpoise) from M.E. tortuse (1495), tortuce (1440), tortuge (1398), from M.L. tortuca (c.1255), perhaps from L.L. tartaruchus "of the underworld" (see turtle). Others propose a connection with L. tortus "twisted," based on the shape of the feet. The classical L. word was testudo, from testa "shell." First record of tortoise shell as a coloring pattern is from 1782.
(Heb. tsabh). Ranked among the unclean animals (Lev. 11:29). Land tortoises are common in Syria. The LXX. renders the word by "land crocodile." The word, however, more probably denotes a lizard, called by the modern Arabs _dhabb_.