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umber

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Umber
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um⋅ber

  [uhm-ber]
Use umber in a Sentence
–noun
1. an earth consisting chiefly of a hydrated oxide of iron and some oxide of manganese, used in its natural state as a brown pigment (raw umber) or, after heating, as a reddish-brown pigment (burnt umber).
2. the color of such a pigment; dark dusky brown or dark reddish brown.
3. Ichthyology. the European grayling, Thymallus thymallus.
4. North England Dialect. shade; shadow.
–adjective
5. of the color umber.
–verb (used with object)
6. to color with or as if with umber.
Origin:
1250–1300; ME umbre, umber shade, shadow < OF umbre < L umbra; in sense “earth” < F terre d'ombre or It terra di ombra
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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Umber
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um·ber   (ŭm'bər)   
n.  

  1. A natural brown earth containing ferric oxide and manganese oxides, used as pigment.

  2. Any of the shades of brown produced by umber in its various states.

adj.  

  1. Of or related to umber.

  2. Having a brownish color.

tr.v.   um·bered, um·ber·ing, um·bers
To darken with or as if with umber.

[French (terre d') ombre or Italian (terra di) ombra, shadow (earth), both possibly from alteration (influenced by French ombre and Italian ombra, shadow) of Latin Umbria, a region of ancient Italy.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

umber 
brown earthy pigment, 1568, from M.Fr. ombre (in terre d'ombre), or It. ombra (in terra di ombra), both from either L. umbra "shade, shadow" (see umbrage) or from Umbra, fem. of Umber "belonging to Umbria," region in central Italy from which the coloring matter first came. Burnt umber, specially prepared and redder in color, is attested from c.1650.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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