00:10
00:09
00:08
00:07
00:06
00:05
00:04
00:03
00:02
00:01
| a radiation of high penetrating power that originates in outer space and consists partly of high-energy atomic nuclei |
| the transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system, caused by a temperature difference between the parts |
universal gas constant
(symbol R), fundamental physical constant arising in the formulation of the general gas law. For an ideal gas (approximated by most real gases that are not highly compressed or not near the point of liquefaction), the pressure p times the volume V of the gas divided by its absolute temperature T is a constant. When one of these three is altered for a given mass of gas, at least one of the other two undergoes a change so that the expression pV/T remains constant. The constant, further, is the same for all gases, provided the mass of gas being compared is one mole, or one molecular weight in grams. For one mole, therefore, pV/T = R.
Learn more about universal gas constant with a free trial on Britannica.com.