confederationpolitics
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major reference
( in political system: Confederations )
Confederations are voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation. The limitations on the freedom of action of the member states may be as trivial as an acknowledgment of their duty to consult with each other before taking some independent...
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history of Canada
( in Canada: The union of Canada )
The first significant step toward union, later called confederation, was the formation of the Great Coalition, a government that united George Brown of Canada West—leader of the so-called Clear Grits reform movement—with the Liberal-Conservatives’...
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tribes of Eurasian Steppe
( in Steppe, the: The rise of confederations )
...for warlike undertakings against other communities, and for various ceremonial purposes as well. Real or fictitious kinship bonds united adjacent families of herdsmen into tribes; and tribal confederations, built upon ceremonial recognition of the primacy of a high king, were constructed and confirmed at such periodic assemblages.
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major reference political system
Confederations are voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation. The limitations on the freedom of action of the member states may be as trivial as an acknowledgment of their duty to consult with each other before taking some independent...
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history of Canada Canada
The first significant step toward union, later called confederation, was the formation of the Great Coalition, a government that united George Brown of Canada West—leader of the so-called Clear Grits reform movement—with the Liberal-Conservatives’...
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tribes of Eurasian Steppe Steppe, the
...for warlike undertakings against other communities, and for various ceremonial purposes as well. Real or fictitious kinship bonds united adjacent families of herdsmen into tribes; and tribal confederations, built upon ceremonial recognition of the primacy of a high king, were constructed and confirmed at such periodic...
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history of Madagascar Madagascar
The Betsimisaraka confederation, a quasi-state concurrent with the late Sakalava empire, was a brief but successful attempt in the 18th century to unite the coastal peoples of Madagascar’s eastern littoral. Ruled by Ratsimilaho, son of an English pirate and a Malagasy princess, the viable confederation extended along more than 200 miles of coastline. After Ratsimilaho’s death in 1750, the...
Turkic tribal confederation of Central Asia, from whose ranks came the Qarakhanid dynasty.
The origins of the Qarluq Turkmens are somewhat obscure. About 745 they rose in rebellion against the Türküt, then the dominant tribal confederation in the region, and established a new tribal confederation with the Turkic Uighur and Basmil tribes.
The internal political organization of the Qarluq confederation was based on a system of social organization known as dual kingship. The western, paramount branch of the Qarluq confederation was centred at Balāsāghūn (now in Kyrgyzstan). The eastern branch was centred at Kashgar (now in the Uighur Autonomous Region of Sinkiang, China). Each branch had its own tribal chief and a distinct hierarchy of offices and functions, based on various sections of the tribes. Upon promotion from a lower to a higher office, an officeholder would change his regnal name; thus certain names were always held by the holders of certain offices. The eastern tribal leader was always called arslan (“lion”), while the western tribal chief, the paramount leader of the Qarluq, held the title of bughra (“camel”).
The western branch of the Qarluq came into increasing contact with the Iranian Sāmānid dynasty in the 9th century. With the disintegration of the Sāmānid polity at the end of the 10th century, the Qarluq established themselves as the new ruling dynasty in Transoxania.
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establishment in Iran Iran
...the help of shifting allegiance from the court’s ministerial leaders both demonstrated and accelerated the Sāmānid decline. Sāmānid weakness attracted into Transoxania the Qarluq Turks, who had recently converted to Islam. They occupied...
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history of Oman Oman
...imam was determined by an agreement made among the religious leaders and the heads of the major groups, particularly the leaders of the two major tribal confederations that came to be known as the Ghāfirīs and the Hināwīs.
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history of United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates
The Āl Qawāsim thus lost power and influence in the region, and the Banū Yās tribal confederation of Abū Ẓaby (Abu Dhabi) became dominant. The Banū Yās were centred on the Al-ʿAyn and Al-Liwāʾ oases of Abū Ẓaby, and their strength was land-based. Under the leadership of the Āl Nahyān (members of the...
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