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When this assumption is introduced within the framework of known facts, a contradiction obviously ensues. How can this situation be repaired? Clearly, the logician must begin by dropping items 1 and 2 and replacing them with their negations—the assumption itself so instructs him. But a contradiction still remains. The following alternatives are open:
Because “fact” symbolizes objectivity and “value” suggests subjectivity, the relationship of value to fact is of fundamental importance in developing any theory of the objectivity of value and of value judgments. Whereas such descriptive sciences as sociology, psychology, anthropology, and comparative religion all attempt to give a factual description of what is actually...
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