| Definition/Meaning | Word/Phrase |
|---|
| colorless solid amide of acetic acid used as a solvent and in the synthesis of organic compounds |
acetamide
,
ethanamide
|
| ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders |
acetone body
,
ketone body
|
| any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt |
acid
|
| organic compounds that react with water to form an acid |
acid anhydrides
,
acyl anhydrides
|
| organic compounds containing the group -COX where X is a halogen atom |
acid halide
,
acyl halide
|
| any of a series of volatile hydroxyl compounds that are made from hydrocarbons by distillation |
alcohol
|
| any of a class of highly reactive chemical compounds; used in making resins and dyes and organic acids |
aldehyde
|
| any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water |
alkali
,
base
|
| organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group |
amino acid
,
aminoalkanoic acid
|
| plastic (synthetic resin) made from amino compounds; used as an adhesive and as a coating for paper and textiles |
aminoplast
,
amino plastic
,
amino resin
|
| carbonate of ammonium; used in the manufacture of smelling salts and baking powder and ammonium compounds |
ammonium carbonate
|
| hydrocarbon radical that occurs in many organic compounds |
amyl
|
| compound formed from one or more other compounds in a reaction resulting in removal of water |
anhydride
|
| any of various compounds that are added to gasoline to reduce engine knocking |
antiknock
|
| hydrocarbon containing one or more benzene rings that are characteristic of the benzene series of compounds |
aromatic compound
|
| hydrocarbon that contains one or more benzene rings that are characteristic of the benzene series of organic compounds |
aromatic hydrocarbon
|
| very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar |
arsenic
,
As
,
atomic number 33
|
| silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) |
atomic number 11
,
Na
,
sodium
|
| abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds |
atomic number 6
,
C
,
carbon
|
| trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; forms compounds that are highly magnetic |
atomic number 66
,
Dy
,
dysprosium
|
