Dutch settlers in South Africa, also known as Afrikaners. The Boers were repeatedly driven further inland by British settlers; the British finally defeated them in the Boer War of 1899–1902. Boer is Dutch for “farmer.”
"Du. colonist in S.Africa," 1824, from Du. boer "farmer," from M.Du., cognate with O.E. gebur "dweller, farmer, peasant," and thus related to bower and the final syllable of neighbor (see boor).