Cairns
city and port, northeastern Queensland, Australia, on Trinity Inlet of Trinity Bay. Founded in the 1870s as a government customs collection point, it grew in the late 19th century as the result of gold discoveries along the Hodgkinson and Palmer rivers, tin discoveries at Herberton on the Atherton Plateau, and the introduction of sugarcane cultivation in the area. Named for Sir William Wellington Cairns, governor of Queensland (1875-77), it was proclaimed a municipality in 1885, a town in 1903, and a city in 1923.
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