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Corundum

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co⋅run⋅dum

[kuh-ruhn-duhm]
–noun
a common mineral, aluminum oxide, Al2O3, notable for its hardness: transparent varieties, as sapphire and ruby, are used as gems, other varieties as abrasives: often made synthetically.

Origin:
1720–30; < Tamil kuruntam; akin to Skt kuruvinda ruby
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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co·run·dum   (kə-rŭn'dəm)   
n.  An extremely hard mineral, aluminum oxide, Al2O3, sometimes containing iron, magnesia, or silica, that occurs in gem varieties such as ruby and sapphire and in a common black, brown, or blue form used chiefly in abrasives.

[Tamil kuruntam.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

corundum 
1728, from Anglo-Ind., from Tamil kurundam "ruby sapphire" (Skt. kuruvinda).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: co·run·dum
Pronunciation: k&-'r&n-d&m
Function: noun
: a very hard mineral Al2O3 that consists ofalumina occurring in massive form and as variously colored crystals which include the ruby and sapphire
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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