(click for larger image in new window) A country of northwest South America on the Pacific Ocean. Once part of the Incan Empire, it was conquered by the Spanish in 1534 and later became subject to Peru and New Granada. The area achieved independence from Spain in 1822 but formed a part of Greater Colombia until 1830, when it became a separate country. Quito is the capital and Guayaquil the largest city. Population: 13,800,000. Ec'ua·dor'i·an adj. & n.
Republic in western South America, bordered by Colombia to the north, Peru to the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Its landscape is dominated by the Andes. Quito is its capital, and Guayaquil is its largest city.