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frank⋅lin

[frangk-lin]

Use Franklin in a Sentence

–noun English History.

(in the 14th and 15th centuries) a freeholder who was not of noble birth.

Origin:
1250–1300; ME fra(u)nkelin < AF fraunclein, equiv. to fraunc free, frank ¹ + -lein -ling ¹ ; formed on the model of OF chamberlain chamberlain

Frank⋅lin

[frangk-lin]

–noun

1.	A⋅re⋅tha [uh-ree-thuh] Show IPA , born 1942, U.S. singer.

2.	Benjamin, 1706–90, American statesman, diplomat, author, scientist, and inventor.

3.	Sir John, 1786–1847, English Arctic explorer.

4.	John Hope, born 1915, U.S. historian and educator.

5.	a district in extreme N Canada, in the Northwest Territories, including the Boothia and Melville peninsulas, Baffin Island, and other Arctic islands. 549,253 sq. mi. (1,422,565 sq. km).

6.	a town in S Massachusetts. 18,217.

7.	a city in SE Wisconsin. 16,871.

8.	a town in central Tennessee. 12,407.

9.	a town in central Indiana. 11,563.

10.	a town in SW Ohio. 10,711.

11.	a male given name: from a Germanic word meaning “freeholder.”

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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frank·lin (frāng'klĭn)

n. A medieval English freeholder of nonnoble birth holding extensive property.

[Middle English frankelein, from Anglo-Norman fraunclein, from Anglo-Norman franc; see frank¹.]

Frank·lin (frāngk'lĭn)

American singer known for her recordings of soul and gospel music. Her popular songs include "Respect" (1967) and "Chain of Fools" (1968).

Franklin, Benjamin 1706-1790.
American public official, writer, scientist, and printer. After the success of his Poor Richard's Almanac (1732-1757), he entered politics and played a major part in the American Revolution. Franklin negotiated French support for the colonists, signed the Treaty of Paris (1783), and helped draft the Constitution (1787-1789). His numerous scientific and practical innovations include the lightning rod, bifocal spectacles, and a stove.

Franklin, Sir John 1786-1847.
British explorer who led a search for the Northwest Passage (1845-1847) on which he and his 129-man crew perished. A record of the expedition's discovery of the passage was found in 1857.

Franklin, John Hope Born 1915.
American historian noted for his studies of African-American history, such as From Slavery to Freedom (1947).

Franklin, Rosalind Elsie 1920-1958.
British x-ray crystallographer whose studies of DNA provided crucial information that led to the discovery of its spiral structure by Francis Crick and James D. Watson.

Franklin

Frank"lin\, n. [OE. frankelein; cf. LL. franchilanus. See Frank, a.] An English freeholder, or substantial householder. [Obs.] --Chaucer.

The franklin, a small landholder of those days. --Sir J. Stephen.

Franklin

surname attested from 1195, M.E. Frankeleyn, from Anglo-Fr. fraunclein "a land-owner of free but not noble birth," from O.Fr. franc (see frank), with suffix also found in chamberlain (q.v.). The Franklin stove (1787) so called because it was invented by U.S. scientist/politician Benjamin Franklin (1706-90).

Franklin Frank·lin (frāngk'lĭn), Rosalind. 1920-1958.

British biophysicist. Her x-ray diffraction studies of DNA led to the description of the full structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick.

Franklin (frāngk'lĭn) Pronunciation Key
American public official, scientist, inventor, and writer who fully established the distinction between negative and positive electricity, proved that lightning and electricity are identical, and suggested that buildings could be protected by lightning conductors. He also invented bifocal glasses, established the direction of the prevailing storm track in North America and determined the existence of the Gulf Stream.

Franklin, Rosalind Elsie 1920-1958.
British x-ray crystallographer whose diffraction images, made by directing x-rays at DNA, provided crucial information that led to the discovery of its structure as a double helix by Francis Crick and James D. Watson.

Our Living Language : James D. Watson and Francis Crick's famous double helix model of the structure of DNA is rightly considered one of the greatest scientific discoveries ever made. While Watson and Crick became famous the world over, later sharing the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine, the contributions of Rosalind Franklin are less well-known, even though her work was crucial to their discovery. Franklin's x-ray photograph depicting the double-helix shape of DNA gave Watson and Crick the essential experimental evidence they needed to determine DNA's structure. Born in London in 1920 to a wealthy Anglo-Jewish family, Franklin attended the University of Cambridge, where she earned a doctorate in physical chemistry. It was there that she learned x-ray crystallography, a process used to determine the structure of molecules by bombarding them with x-rays and analyzing the resultant diffraction patterns. Franklin later accepted a post at King's College London in 1951 to study DNA, thus entering the race to discover the molecule's structure. Without her knowledge, a close colleague at King's, Maurice Wilkins, showed her unpublished research to Watson and Crick, who were then able to establish DNA's configuration and soon after published their findings in the journal Nature. When Franklin saw the model produced by Watson and Crick, she accepted it immediately, as it fit with her experimental data. Franklin left King's in 1953 and continued a distinguished career, studying the structure of viruses. She died of ovarian cancer at 37, never knowing how her own work had contributed to their important discovery.

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