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hard

[hahrd] Pronunciation Key adjective, -er, -est, adverb, -er, -est, noun

–adjective

1.	not soft; solid and firm to the touch; unyielding to pressure and impenetrable or almost impenetrable.

2.	firmly formed; tight: a hard knot.

3.	difficult to do or accomplish; fatiguing; troublesome: a hard task.

4.	difficult or troublesome with respect to an action, situation, person, etc.: hard to please; a hard time.

5.	difficult to deal with, manage, control, overcome, or understand: a hard problem.

6.	involving a great deal of effort, energy, or persistence: hard labor; hard study.

7.	performing or carrying on work with great effort, energy, or persistence: a hard worker.

8.	vigorous or violent in force; severe: a hard rain; a hard fall.

9.	bad; unendurable; unbearable: hard luck.

10.	oppressive; harsh; rough: hard treatment.

11.	austere; severe: a hard winter; the hard times of the Great Depression.

12.	harsh or severe in dealing with others: a hard master.

13.	difficult to explain away; undeniable: hard facts.

14.	that can be verified; factual, as distinguished from speculation or hearsay: hard information.

15.	harsh or unfriendly; resentful; severe; bitter: hard feelings; hard words.

16.	of stern judgment or close examination; searching: a hard look.

17.	lacking delicacy or softness; not blurred or diffused; clear and distinct; sharp; harsh: a hard line; a hard, bright light; hard features; a hard face.

18.	(of a photograph) contrasty.

19.	severe or rigorous in terms: a hard bargain.

20.	sternly realistic; dispassionate; unsentimental: a hard, practical man; a hard view of life.

21.	incorrigible; disreputable; tough: a hard character.

22.	Scot. and North England. niggardly; stingy.

23.	in coins or paper money as distinguished from checks, securities, promissory notes, or other negotiable instruments).

24.	(of paper money or a monetary system) supported by sufficient gold reserves and easily convertible into the currency of a foreign nation.

25.	(of money) scarce or available at high interest rates: a hard loan.

26.	denoting assets with intrinsic value, as gold, silver, or diamonds.

27.

(of alcoholic beverages)

a.	containing more than 22.5 percent alcohol by volume, as whiskey and brandy as opposed to beer and wine.

b.	strong because of fermentation; intoxicating: hard cider.

28.	(of wine) tasting excessively of tannin.

29.	(of an illicit narcotic or drug) known to be physically addictive, as opium, morphine, or cocaine.

30.	(of water) containing mineral salts that interfere with the action of soap.

31.

(of bread and baked goods)

a.	having a firm, crisp crust or texture: hard rolls.

b.	stale or tough.

32.	(of a fabric) having relatively little nap; smooth: Silk is a harder fabric than wool or cotton.

33.	(of the landing of a rocket or space vehicle) executed without decelerating: a hard landing on the moon. Compare soft (def. 28).

34.	(of a missile base) equipped to launch missiles from underground silos.

35.	(of a missile) capable of being launched from an underground silo.

36.	Military. being underground and strongly protected from nuclear bombardment.

37.	Agriculture. noting wheats with high gluten content, milled for a bread flour as contrasted with pastry flour.

38.

Phonetics.

fortis.

b.	(of c and g) pronounced as (k) in come and (g) in go, rather than as in cent, cello, suspicion, gem, or beige.

c.	(of consonants in Slavic languages) not palatalized. Compare soft (def. 26).

39.	(in the making of rope) noting a lay having a considerable angle to the axis of the rope; short.

40.	Physics. (of a beam of particles or photons) having relatively high energy: hard x-rays. Compare soft (def. 29).

41.	(of the penis) erect.

–adverb

42.	with great exertion; with vigor or violence; strenuously: to work hard; to try hard.

43.	earnestly, intently, or critically: to look hard at a thing.

44.	harshly or severely.

45.	so as to be solid, tight, or firm: frozen hard.

46.	with strong force or impact: She tripped and came down hard on her back.

47.	in a deeply affected manner; with genuine sorrow or remorse: She took it very hard when they told her of his death.

48.	closely; immediately: Failure and defeat seemed hard at hand. The decision to ban students from the concerts followed hard on the heels of the riot.

49.	to an unreasonable or extreme degree; excessively; immoderately: He's hitting the bottle pretty hard.

50.	Nautical. closely, fully, or to the extreme limit: hard aport; hard alee.

–noun

51.	Nautical. a firm or paved beach or slope convenient for hauling vessels out of the water.

52.

British.

a.	a firm or solid beach or foreshore.

b.	a firm landing, jetty, or road across or adjoining the foreshore.

53.	British Slang. hard labor.

—Idioms

54.	be hard on, to deal harshly with; be stern: You are being too hard on him.

55.	hard by, in close proximity to; near: The house is hard by the river.

56.	hard of hearing. hearing-impaired.

57.	hard put, in great perplexity or difficulty; at a loss: We were hard put to finish the examination in one hour.

58.

hard up, Informal.

a.	urgently in need of money.

b.	feeling a lack or need: The country is hard up for technicians and doctors.

[Origin: bef. 900; ME; OE heard; c. D hard, G hart, ON harthr, Goth hardus; akin to Gk kratýs strong, Ionic dial. kártos strength (cf. -cracy)

]

—Synonyms 1. inflexible, rigid, compressed, compact, dense, resisting, adamantine, flinty. See firm¹. 3. toilsome, burdensome, wearisome, exhausting. Hard, difficult both describe something resistant to one's efforts or one's endurance. Hard is the general word: hard times; It was hard to endure the severe weather. Difficult means not easy, and particularly denotes that which requires special effort or skill: a difficult task. 5. complex, complicated, perplexing, puzzling, intricate, knotty, tough. 6. arduous, onerous, laborious. 8. stormy, tempestuous. 10. severe, rigorous, grinding, cruel, merciless, unsparing. 12. stern, austere, strict, exacting, relentless, obdurate, adamant; unyielding, unpitying. Hard, callous, unfeeling, unsympathetic imply a lack of interest in, feeling for, or sympathy with others. Hard implies insensibility, either natural or acquired, so that the plight of others makes no impression on one: a hard taskmaster. Callous may mean the same or that one is himself or herself insensitive to hurt as the result of continued repression and indifference: a callous answer; callous to criticism. Unfeeling implies natural inability to feel with and for others: an unfeeling and thoughtless remark. Unsympathetic implies an indifference that precludes pity, compassion, or the like: unsympathetic toward distress. 13. incontrovertible.

—Antonyms 1. soft. 3–6. easy.

Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006.

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American Heritage Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

hard (härd) Pronunciation Key
adj. hard·er, hard·est

Resistant to pressure; not readily penetrated.
1. Physically toughened; rugged.
2. Mentally toughened; strong-minded.
3. Requiring great effort or endurance: a hard assignment.
4. Performed with or marked by great diligence or energy: a project that required years of hard work.
5. Difficult to resolve, accomplish, or finish: That was a hard question.
6. Difficult to understand or impart: Physics was the hardest of my courses. Thermodynamics is a hard course to teach.
7. Intense in force or degree: a hard blow.
8. Inclement: a long, hard winter.
9. Stern or strict in nature or comportment: a hard taskmaster.
10. Resistant to persuasion or appeal; obdurate.
11. Making few concessions: drives a hard bargain.
12. Difficult to endure: a hard life.
13. Oppressive or unjust in nature or effect: restrictions that were hard on welfare applicants.
14. Lacking compassion or sympathy; callous.
15. Harsh or severe in effect or intention: said some hard things that I won't forget.
16. Bitter; resentful: No hard feelings, I hope.
17. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
18. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
19. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
20. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
21. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
22. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
23. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
24. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
25. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
26. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
27. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
28. High and stable. Used of prices.
29. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
30. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
31. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
32. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Requiring great effort or endurance: a hard assignment.
2. Performed with or marked by great diligence or energy: a project that required years of hard work.
3. Difficult to resolve, accomplish, or finish: That was a hard question.
4. Difficult to understand or impart: Physics was the hardest of my courses. Thermodynamics is a hard course to teach.
5. Intense in force or degree: a hard blow.
6. Inclement: a long, hard winter.
7. Stern or strict in nature or comportment: a hard taskmaster.
8. Resistant to persuasion or appeal; obdurate.
9. Making few concessions: drives a hard bargain.
10. Difficult to endure: a hard life.
11. Oppressive or unjust in nature or effect: restrictions that were hard on welfare applicants.
12. Lacking compassion or sympathy; callous.
13. Harsh or severe in effect or intention: said some hard things that I won't forget.
14. Bitter; resentful: No hard feelings, I hope.
15. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
16. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
17. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
18. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
19. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
20. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
21. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
22. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
23. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
24. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
25. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
26. High and stable. Used of prices.
27. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
28. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
29. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
30. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Intense in force or degree: a hard blow.
2. Inclement: a long, hard winter.
3. Stern or strict in nature or comportment: a hard taskmaster.
4. Resistant to persuasion or appeal; obdurate.
5. Making few concessions: drives a hard bargain.
6. Difficult to endure: a hard life.
7. Oppressive or unjust in nature or effect: restrictions that were hard on welfare applicants.
8. Lacking compassion or sympathy; callous.
9. Harsh or severe in effect or intention: said some hard things that I won't forget.
10. Bitter; resentful: No hard feelings, I hope.
11. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
12. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
13. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
14. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
15. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
16. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
17. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
18. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
19. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
20. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
21. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
22. High and stable. Used of prices.
23. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
24. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
25. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
26. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Stern or strict in nature or comportment: a hard taskmaster.
2. Resistant to persuasion or appeal; obdurate.
3. Making few concessions: drives a hard bargain.
4. Difficult to endure: a hard life.
5. Oppressive or unjust in nature or effect: restrictions that were hard on welfare applicants.
6. Lacking compassion or sympathy; callous.
7. Harsh or severe in effect or intention: said some hard things that I won't forget.
8. Bitter; resentful: No hard feelings, I hope.
9. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
10. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
11. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
12. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
13. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
14. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
15. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
16. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
17. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
18. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
19. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
20. High and stable. Used of prices.
21. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
22. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
23. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
24. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Difficult to endure: a hard life.
2. Oppressive or unjust in nature or effect: restrictions that were hard on welfare applicants.
3. Lacking compassion or sympathy; callous.
4. Harsh or severe in effect or intention: said some hard things that I won't forget.
5. Bitter; resentful: No hard feelings, I hope.
6. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
7. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
8. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
9. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
10. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
11. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
12. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
13. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
14. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
15. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
16. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
17. High and stable. Used of prices.
18. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
19. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
20. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
21. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Harsh or severe in effect or intention: said some hard things that I won't forget.
2. Bitter; resentful: No hard feelings, I hope.
3. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
4. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
5. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
6. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
7. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
8. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
9. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
10. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
11. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
12. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
13. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
14. High and stable. Used of prices.
15. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
16. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
17. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
18. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Causing damage or premature wear: Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
2. Bad; adverse: hard luck.
3. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
4. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
5. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
6. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
7. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
8. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
9. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
10. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
11. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
12. High and stable. Used of prices.
13. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
14. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
15. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
16. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
Proceeding or performing with force, vigor, or persistence; assiduous: a hard worker.
1. Real and unassailable: hard evidence.
2. Definite; firm: a hard commitment.
3. Close; penetrating: We need to take a hard look at the situation.
4. Free from illusion or bias; practical: brought some hard common sense to the discussion.
5. Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified: the hard sciences.
6. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
7. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
8. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
9. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
10. High and stable. Used of prices.
11. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
12. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
13. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
14. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.
2. Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.
3. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
4. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
5. High and stable. Used of prices.
6. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
7. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
8. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
9. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
Hard-core.
Being a turn in a specific direction at an angle more acute than other possible routes.
1. Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.
2. Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.
3. High and stable. Used of prices.
4. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
5. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
6. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
7. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
1. Durable; lasting: hard merchandise.
2. Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media: sent the information by hard mail.
3. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
4. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
Erect; tumid. Used of a penis.
1. Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating: hard liquor.
2. Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented: hard cider.
Containing dissolved salts that interfere with the lathering action of soap. Used of water.
Linguistics Velar, as in c in cake or g in log, as opposed to palatal or soft.
Physics Of relatively high energy; penetrating: hard x-rays.
High in gluten content: hard wheat.
Chemistry Resistant to biodegradation: a hard detergent.
Physically addictive. Used of certain illegal drugs, such as heroin.
Resistant to blast, heat, or radiation. Used especially of nuclear weapons.

adv.

With strenuous effort; intently: worked hard all day; stared hard at the accused criminal.
With great force, vigor, or energy: pressed hard on the lever.
In such a way as to cause great damage or hardship: industrial cities hit hard by unemployment.
With great distress, grief, or bitterness: took the divorce hard.
Firmly; securely: held hard to the railing.
Toward or into a solid condition: concrete that sets hard within a day.
Near in space or time; close: The factory stands hard by the railroad tracks.
Nautical Completely; fully: hard alee.

[Middle English, from Old English heard; see kar- in Indo-European roots.]

Synonyms: These adjectives mean requiring great physical or mental effort to do, achieve, or master. Hard is the most general term: "You write with ease to show your breeding,/But easy writing's curst hard reading" (Richard Brinsley Sheridan).
Difficult and hard are interchangeable in many instances. Difficult, however, is often preferable where the need for skill or ingenuity is implied: "All poetry is difficult to read,/—The sense of it is, anyhow" (Robert Browning).
Arduous applies to burdensome labor or sustained physical or spiritual effort: "knowledge at which [Isaac] Newton arrived through arduous and circuitous paths" (Thomas Macaulay).

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The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2006 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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Online Etymology Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This
hard (adj.)

O.E. heard "solid, firm, not soft," also "severe, rigorous, cruel," from P.Gmc. *kharthus (cf. Du. hard, O.N. harðr "hard," O.H.G. harto "extremely, very," Goth. hardus "hard"), from PIE *kratus "power, strength" (cf. Gk. kratos "strength," kratys "strong"). The adv. sense was also present in O.E. Hard of hearing preserves obsolete M.E. sense of "having difficulty in doing something." Hard liquor is 1879, Amer.Eng. (hard cider is from 1789), and this probably led to hard drugs (1955). Hard facts is from 1887; hard news is from 1938. Hard-headed is first attested 1519; hard-hearted is c.1205. Hard-boiled "severe, tough" is from 1886; hard-core "tough" is 1951, extension to pornography is from 1970s. Hard up (1612) is originally nautical, of steering (slang sense of "short of money" is from 1821), as is hard and fast (1867), of a ship on shore. Hardball in the figurative sense of "tough, uncompromising" is from 1973; hard-on "penile erection" first recorded 1893; hard times "period of poverty" is from 1705. Hard hat was originally (1935) "derby;" meaning "safety helmet" is from 1953; used figuratively for "construction worker" from 1970. Hard-wired is 1969, from computing. Hardscrabble "barren place" is first recorded 1804, in journals of Lewis and Clark.

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WordNet - Cite This Source - Share This

hard
adjective
1.	not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure; "a difficult task"; "nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access"; "difficult times"; "why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?" [syn: difficult] [ant: easy]
2.	dispassionate; "took a hard look"; "a hard bargainer"; [ant: soft]
3.	resisting weight or pressure [ant: soft]
4.	very strong or vigorous; "strong winds"; "a hard left to the chin"; "a knockout punch"; "a severe blow"
5.	characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort; "worked their arduous way up the mining valley"; "a grueling campaign"; "hard labor"; "heavy work"; "heavy going"; "spent many laborious hours on the project"; "set a punishing pace"
6.	produced without vibration of the vocal cords; "unvoiced consonants such as 'p' and 'k' and 's'" [syn: unvoiced] [ant: soft]
7.	(of light) transmitted directly from a pointed light source [ant: diffuse]
8.	(of speech sounds); produced with the back of the tongue raised toward or touching the velum; "Russian distinguished between hard consonants and palatalized or soft consonants" [ant: soft]
9.	given to excessive indulgence of bodily appetites especially for intoxicating liquors; "a hard drinker" [syn: intemperate]
10.	being distilled rather than fermented; having a high alcoholic content; "hard liquor"
11.	unfortunate or hard to bear; "had hard luck"; "a tough break"
12.	dried out; "hard dry rolls left over from the day before"
adverb
1.	with effort or force or vigor; "the team played hard"; "worked hard all day"; "pressed hard on the lever"; "hit the ball hard"; "slammed the door hard"
2.	with firmness; "held hard to the railing"
3.	earnestly or intently; "thought hard about it"; "stared hard at the accused"
4.	causing great damage or hardship; "industries hit hard by the depression"; "she was severely affected by the bank's failure"
5.	slowly and with difficulty; "prejudices die hard"
6.	indulging excessively; "he drank heavily" [syn: heavily] [ant: lightly]
7.	into a solid condition; "concrete that sets hard within a few hours"
8.	very near or close in space or time; "it stands hard by the railroad tracks"; "they were hard on his heels"; "a strike followed hard upon the plant's opening"
9.	with pain or distress or bitterness; "he took the rejection very hard"
10.	to the full extent possible; all the way; "hard alee"; "the ship went hard astern"; "swung the wheel hard left"

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American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms - Cite This Source - Share This

hard

In addition to the idioms beginning with hard, also see between a rock and a hard place; cold (hard) cash; come down (hard) on; die hard; drive a (hard) bargain; go hard with; no hard feelings; play hardball; play hard to get; school of hard knocks; tough (hard) row to hoe.

The American Heritage® Dictionary of Idioms by Christine Ammer.
Copyright © 1997 by The Christine Ammer 1992 Trust. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

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Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Hard

Hard\, a. [Compar. Harder; superl. Hardest.] [OE. heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. heard, G. hart, OHG. harti, Icel. har?r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr.? strong, ?, ?, strength, and also to E. -ard, as in coward, drunkard, -crat, -cracy in autocrat, democracy; cf. Skr. kratu strength, ? to do, make. Cf. Hardy.]

1. Not easily penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not yielding to pressure; firm; solid; compact; -- applied to material bodies, and opposed to soft; as, hard wood; hard flesh; a hard apple.

2. Difficult, mentally or judicially; not easily apprehended, decided, or resolved; as a hard problem.

The hard causes they brought unto Moses. --Ex. xviii. 26.

In which are some things hard to be understood. --2 Peter iii. 16.

3. Difficult to accomplish; full of obstacles; laborious; fatiguing; arduous; as, a hard task; a disease hard to cure.

4. Difficult to resist or control; powerful.

The stag was too hard for the horse. --L'Estrange.

A power which will be always too hard for them. --Addison.

5. Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to put up with or consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive; distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a hard lot; hard times; hard fare; a hard winter; hard conditions or terms.

I never could drive a hard bargain. --Burke.

6. Difficult to please or influence; stern; unyielding; obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a hard master; a hard heart; hard words; a hard character.

7. Not easy or agreeable to the taste; stiff; rigid; ungraceful; repelling; as, a hard style.

Figures harder than even the marble itself. --Dryden.

8. Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as, hard cider.

9. (Pron.) Abrupt or explosive in utterance; not aspirated, sibilated, or pronounced with a gradual change of the organs from one position to another; -- said of certain consonants, as c in came, and g in go, as distinguished from the same letters in center, general, etc.

10. Wanting softness or smoothness of utterance; harsh; as, a hard tone.

11. (Painting) (a) Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures; formal; lacking grace of composition. (b) Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in the coloring or light and shade.

Hard cancer, Hard case, etc. See under Cancer, Case, etc.

Hard clam, or Hard-shelled clam (Zo["o]l.), the guahog.

Hard coal, anthracite, as distinguished from bituminous or soft coal.

Hard and fast. (Naut.) See under Fast.

Hard finish (Arch.), a smooth finishing coat of hard fine plaster applied to the surface of rough plastering.

Hard lines, hardship; difficult conditions.

Hard money, coin or specie, as distinguished from paper money.

Hard oyster (Zo["o]l.), the northern native oyster. [Local, U. S.]

Hard pan, the hard stratum of earth lying beneath the soil; hence, figuratively, the firm, substantial, fundamental part or quality of anything; as, the hard pan of character, of a matter in dispute, etc. See Pan.

Hard rubber. See under Rubber.

Hard solder. See under Solder.

Hard water, water, which contains lime or some mineral substance rendering it unfit for washing. See Hardness, 3.

Hard wood, wood of a solid or hard texture; as walnut, oak, ash, box, and the like, in distinction from pine, poplar, hemlock, etc.

In hard condition, in excellent condition for racing; having firm muscles;-said of race horses.

Syn: Solid; arduous; powerful; trying; unyielding; stubborn; stern; flinty; unfeeling; harsh; difficult; severe; obdurate; rigid. See Solid, and Arduous.

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Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Hard

Hard\, adv. [OE. harde, AS. hearde.]

1. With pressure; with urgency; hence, diligently; earnestly.

And prayed so hard for mercy from the prince. --Dryden.

My father Is hard at study; pray now, rest yourself. --Shak.

2. With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves hard.

3. Uneasily; vexatiously; slowly. --Shak.

4. So as to raise difficulties. " The guestion is hard set". --Sir T. Browne.

5. With tension or strain of the powers; violently; with force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously; energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain hard; hence, rapidly; as, to run hard.

6. Close or near.

Whose house joined hard to the synagogue. --Acts xviii.7.

Hard by, near by; close at hand; not far off. "Hard by a cottage chimney smokes." --Milton.

Hard pushed, Hard run, greatly pressed; as, he was hard pushed or hard run for time, money, etc. [Colloq.]

Hard up, closely pressed by want or necessity; without money or resources; as, hard up for amusements. [Slang]

Note: Hard in nautical language is often joined to words of command to the helmsman, denoting that the order should be carried out with the utmost energy, or that the helm should be put, in the direction indicated, to the extreme limit, as, Hard aport! Hard astarboard! Hard alee! Hard aweather up! Hard is also often used in composition with a participle; as, hard-baked; hard-earned; hard-working; hard-won.

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Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Hard

Hard\, v. t. To harden; to make hard. [Obs.] --Chaucer.

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Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Hard

Hard\, n. A ford or passage across a river or swamp.

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