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Kulturkampf

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Kul⋅tur⋅kampf

  [Ger. kool-toor-kahmpf]
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–noun
the conflict between the German imperial government and the Roman Catholic Church from 1872 or 1873 until 1886, chiefly over the control of education and ecclesiastical appointments.
Origin:
< G: culture struggle, equiv. to Kultur culture + Kampf battle, struggle (c. OE camp); see camp 1 , kemp 1
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Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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Kul·tur·kampf   (kŏŏl-tŏŏr'kämpf')   
n.  

  1. The struggle (1871-1883) between the Roman Catholic Church and the German government under Bismarck for control over school and ecclesiastical appointments and civil marriage.

  2. A conflict between secular and religious authorities: "The 1920s proved to be the focal decade in the Kulturkampf of American Protestantism" (Richard Hofstadter).


[German : Kultur, Kultur; see Kultur + Kampf, struggle (from Middle High German, from Old High German kamph, probably ultimately from Latin campus, field).]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

kulturkampf 
1879, "struggle between Ger. government and Catholic Church over control of educational and ecclesiastical appointments, 1872-86," from Ger., lit. "struggle for culture," from Kultur + Kampf "combat, fight, struggle," from L. campus "field, battlefield."
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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