a group of persons related by common descent or heredity.
2.
a population so related.
3.
Anthropology.
a.
any of the traditional divisions of humankind, the commonest being the Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negro, characterized by supposedly distinctive and universal physical characteristics: no longer in technical use.
b.
an arbitrary classification of modern humans, sometimes, esp. formerly, based on any or a combination of various physical characteristics, as skin color, facial form, or eye shape, and now frequently based on such genetic markers as blood groups.
c.
a human population partially isolated reproductively from other populations, whose members share a greater degree of physical and genetic similarity with one another than with other humans.
4.
a group of tribes or peoples forming an ethnic stock: the Slavic race.
5.
any people united by common history, language, cultural traits, etc.: the Dutch race.
6.
the human race or family; humankind: Nuclear weapons pose a threat to the race.
7.
Zoology. a variety; subspecies.
8.
a natural kind of living creature: the race of fishes.
9.
any group, class, or kind, esp. of persons: Journalists are an interesting race.
10.
the characteristic taste or flavor of wine.
–adjective
11.
of or pertaining to the races of humankind.
[Origin: 1490–1500; < F < It razza, of obscure orig.]
—Synonyms 1. tribe, clan, family, stock, line, breed. Race,people,nation are terms for a large body of persons who may be thought of as a unit because of common characteristics. In the traditional biological and anthropological systems of classification race refers to a group of persons who share such genetically transmitted traits as skin color, hair texture, and eye shape or color: the white race; the yellow race. In reference to classifying the human species, race is now under dispute among modern biologists and anthropologists. Some feel that the term has no biological validity; others use it to specify only a partially isolated reproductive population whose members share a considerable degree of genetic similarity. In certain broader or less technical senses race is sometimes used interchangeably with people.People refers to a body of persons united usually by common interests, ideals, or culture but sometimes also by a common history, language, or ethnic character: We are one people; the peoples of the world; the Swedish people. Nation refers to a body of persons living under an organized government or rule, occupying a defined area, and acting as a unit in matters of peace and war: the English nation.
A local geographic or global human population distinguished as a more or less distinct group by genetically transmitted physical characteristics.
A group of people united or classified together on the basis of common history, nationality, or geographic distribution: the German race.
A genealogical line; a lineage.
Humans considered as a group.
Biology
An interbreeding, usually geographically isolated population of organisms differing from other populations of the same species in the frequency of hereditary traits. A race that has been given formal taxonomic recognition is known as a subspecies.
A breed or strain, as of domestic animals.
A distinguishing or characteristic quality, such as the flavor of a wine.
[French, from Old French, from Old Italian razza, race, lineage.]
Usage Note: The notion of race is nearly as problematic from a scientific point of view as it is from a social one. European physical anthropologists of the 17th and 18th centuries proposed various systems of racial classifications based on such observable characteristics as skin color, hair type, body proportions, and skull measurements, essentially codifying the perceived differences among broad geographic populations of humans. The traditional terms for these populations—Caucasoid (or Caucasian), Mongoloid, Negroid, and in some systems Australoid—are now controversial in both technical and nontechnical usage, and in some cases they may well be considered offensive. (Caucasian does retain a certain currency in American English, but it is used almost exclusively to mean "white" or "European" rather than "belonging to the Caucasian race," a group that includes a variety of peoples generally categorized as nonwhite.) The biological aspect of race is described today not in observable physical features but rather in such genetic characteristics as blood groups and metabolic processes, and the groupings indicated by these factors seldom coincide very neatly with those put forward by earlier physical anthropologists. Citing this and other points—such as the fact that a person who is considered black in one society might be nonblack in another—many cultural anthropologists now consider race to be more a social or mental construct than an objective biological fact.
"act of running," c.1300, from O.N. ras "running, rush (of water)," cognate with O.E. ræs, which became M.E. resen "attack, incursion," but did not survive into Mod.Eng. Both O.N. and O.E. are from P.Gmc. *ræs- (cf. M.Du. rasen "to rave, rage," Ger. rasen). Originally a northern word, it became general in Eng. c.1550. Meaning "contest of speed" first recorded 1513 (the verb in this sense is from 1672). Race-horse is from 1626. Meaning "strong current of water" is from 1375, possibly influenced by O.Fr. raz, which had a similar meaning, and is probably from Breton raz "a strait, narrow channel;" this Fr. source also may have given race its meaning of "channel of a stream" (especially an artificial one to a mill), recorded from 1565. The verb, in ref. to an engine, is from 1862.
"people of common descent," c.1500, from M.Fr. razza "race, breed, lineage," possibly from It. razza, of unknown origin (cf. Sp., Port. raza). Original senses in Eng. included "wines with characteristic flavor" (1520), "group of people with common occupation" (c.1500), and "generation" (c.1560). Meaning "tribe, nation, or people regarded as of common stock" is from c.1600. Modern meaning of "one of the great divisions of mankind based on physical peculiarities" is from 1774 (though even among anthropologists there never has been an accepted classification of these). Klein suggests these derive from Arabic ra's "head, beginning, origin" (cf. Heb. rosh). O.E. þeode meant both "race" and "language;" as a verb, geþeodan, it meant "to unite, to join." Racial is first attested 1862. Race-riot attested from 1890.
"Just being a Negro doesn't qualify you to understand the race situation any more than being sick makes you an expert on medicine." [Dick Gregory, 1964]
people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock; "some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings"
4.
(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species [syn: subspecies]
5.
the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller [syn: slipstream]
a competition to find who or which is the fastest Example: a horse race
Arabic:
سِباق
Chinese (Simplified):
赛跑
Chinese (Traditional):
賽跑
Czech:
závod, dostih
Danish:
væddeløb; -væddeløb
Dutch:
wedren
Estonian:
võidujooks, võidusõit
Finnish:
kilpailu
French:
course
German:
das Rennen
Greek:
αγώνας δρόμου, κούρσα
Hungarian:
verseny
Icelandic:
keppni, kapphlaup
Indonesian:
pacuan
Japanese:
競走
Korean:
경주
Latvian:
ātrumsacīkstes
Lithuanian:
lenktynės, varžybos
Norwegian:
(vedde-, *kapp)løp, renn
Polish:
wyścig
Portuguese (Brazil):
corrida
Portuguese (Portugal):
corrida
Romanian:
cursă
Russian:
гонки
Slovak:
preteky; dostihy
Slovenian:
dirka
Spanish:
carrera
Swedish:
kapplöpning, hastighetstävling
Turkish:
yarış, koşu
race1[reis]verb
to (cause to) run in a race Example: I'm racing my horse on Saturday; The horse is racing against five others.
Arabic:
يَشتَرِك في سِباق
Chinese (Simplified):
赛跑
Chinese (Traditional):
賽跑
Czech:
přihlásit k závodu, závodit
Danish:
løbe væddeløb; løbe
Dutch:
(laten) rennen
Estonian:
võidu jooksma
French:
(faire) courir
German:
an einem Rennen teilnehmen
Greek:
τρέχω σε αγώνα δρόμου, βάζω άλογο να τρέξει σε ιπποδρομ
Hungarian:
versenyt fut, versenyez; futtat
Icelandic:
taka þátt í hlaupi
Indonesian:
memacu
Japanese:
競走する
Korean:
경주하다; 레이스에 내보내다
Latvian:
piedalīties ātrumsacīkstēs
Lithuanian:
(leisti) lenktyniauti, dalyvauti varžybose
Norwegian:
(la) delta i vedde-, *kappløp eller renn
Polish:
wystawić do wyścigu, ścigać się
Portuguese (Brazil):
correr
Portuguese (Portugal):
(fazer) correr
Romanian:
a participa la o cursă; a alerga într-o cursă
Russian:
участвовать в гонках
Slovak:
pretekať
Slovenian:
dirkati
Spanish:
(hacer) correr, llevar a una carrera
Swedish:
tävla med
Turkish:
yarış(tır)mak
race2[reis]verb
to have a competition with (someone) to find out who is the fastest Example: I'll race you to that tree.
Arabic:
يُسابِق
Chinese (Simplified):
竞赛
Chinese (Traditional):
競賽
Czech:
běžet o závod s
Danish:
løbe om kap
Dutch:
om het hardst lopen
Estonian:
võidu jooksma
French:
faire une course avec
German:
um die Wette laufen mit
Greek:
παραβγαίνω
Hungarian:
versenyez, versenyt fut (vkivel)
Icelandic:
þreyta kapphlaup
Indonesian:
berpacu
Japanese:
競走する
Korean:
경주하다, …와 경쟁하다
Latvian:
skrieties; noskriet (kādu)
Lithuanian:
eiti lenktynių su
Norwegian:
løpe om kapp
Polish:
ścigać się z
Portuguese (Brazil):
apostar corrida
Portuguese (Portugal):
fazer uma corrida
Romanian:
a se lua la întrecere (cu)
Russian:
бегать наперегонки
Slovak:
bežať o preteky (s)
Slovenian:
tekmovati
Spanish:
hacer una carrera (con)
Swedish:
springa (rida, segla) i kapp med
Turkish:
yarışmak, yarış etmek
race3[reis]verb
to go etc quickly Example: He raced along the road on his bike.
Arabic:
يُسْرِع
Chinese (Simplified):
疾驰
Chinese (Traditional):
疾馳
Czech:
jet plnou parou
Danish:
suse
Dutch:
snellen
Estonian:
kihutama
French:
filer (à toute allure)
German:
rasen
Greek:
τρέχω
Hungarian:
száguld
Icelandic:
þjóta
Indonesian:
ngebut
Japanese:
疾走する
Korean:
질주하다
Latvian:
traukties; drāzties
Lithuanian:
lėkti, dumti
Norwegian:
rase av gårde
Polish:
mknąć
Portuguese (Brazil):
correr
Portuguese (Portugal):
andar a toda a pressa
Romanian:
a merge în viteză
Russian:
нестись
Slovak:
uháňať, ísť plnou parou
Slovenian:
drveti
Spanish:
correr
Swedish:
köra med rasande fart
Turkish:
hızla gitmek
race1[reis]noun
any one section of mankind, having a particular set of characteristics which make it different from other sections Example: the Negro race; the white races; (also adjective) race relations
Arabic:
عِرْق، جِنْس بَشَري
Chinese (Simplified):
种族
Chinese (Traditional):
種族
Czech:
rasa; rasový
Danish:
race; race-
Dutch:
ras
Estonian:
rass
Finnish:
rotu
French:
race; racial
German:
die Rasse; Rassen…
Greek:
φυλή, φυλετικός
Hungarian:
(ember)fajta
Icelandic:
kynþáttur, *-stofn
Indonesian:
ras
Japanese:
人種
Korean:
인종(간의)
Latvian:
rase
Lithuanian:
rasė
Norwegian:
(menneske)rase
Polish:
rasa
Portuguese (Brazil):
raça
Portuguese (Portugal):
raça
Romanian:
rasă; rasial
Russian:
раса
Slovak:
rasa; rasový
Slovenian:
rasa
Spanish:
raza
Swedish:
ras
Turkish:
ırk
race2[reis]noun
the fact of belonging to any of these various sections Example: the problem of race
Arabic:
عِرق، جِنْس
Chinese (Simplified):
人种
Chinese (Traditional):
人種
Czech:
rasa
Danish:
race-
Dutch:
ras
Estonian:
rassikuuluvus
Finnish:
rotu
French:
race(s)
German:
die Rasse; Rassen-…
Greek:
φυλετική καταγωγή
Hungarian:
"faj", (helyesen:) (ember)fajta
Icelandic:
kynþáttur, *-stofn
Indonesian:
ras
Japanese:
人種
Korean:
민족
Latvian:
rase
Lithuanian:
rasė
Norwegian:
rase
Polish:
rasa
Portuguese (Brazil):
raça
Portuguese (Portugal):
raça
Romanian:
rasă
Russian:
расовая принадлежность
Slovak:
rasa
Slovenian:
izvor
Spanish:
raza
Swedish:
ras
Turkish:
ırk
race3[reis]noun
a group of people who share the same culture, language etc; the Anglo-Saxon race
An interbreeding, usually geographically isolated population of organisms differing from other populations of the same species in the frequency of hereditary traits. A race that has been given formal taxonomic recognition is known as a subspecies.
A breed or strain, as of domestic animals.
Any of several extensive human populations associated with broadly defined regions of the world and distinguished from one another on the basis of inheritable physical characteristics, traditionally conceived as including such traits as pigmentation, hair texture, and facial features. Because the number of genes responsible for such physical variations is tiny in comparison to the size of the human genome and because genetic variation among members of a traditionally recognized racial group is generally as great as between two such groups, most scientists now consider race to be primarily a social rather than a scientific concept.
Main Entry: race Pronunciation: 'rAs Function: noun 1 a: an actually or potentially interbreeding group within a species; also: a
taxonomic category (as a subspecies) representing such a group b:BREED 2: one of the
three, four, or five divisions based on inherited physical characteristics into which human beings are usually divided
Race\, n. [F. race; cf. Pr. & Sp. raza, It. razza; all from OHG. reiza line, akin to E. write. See Write.]1. The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed. The whole race of mankind. --Shak. Whence the long race of Alban fathers come. --Dryden. Note: Naturalists and ehnographers divide mankind into several distinct varieties, or races. Cuvier refers them all to three, Pritchard enumerates seven, Agassiz eight, Pickering describes eleven. One of the common classifications is that of Blumenbach, who makes five races: the Caucasian, or white race, to which belong the greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the Mongolian, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan, etc.; the Ethiopian, or negro race, occupying most of Africa (except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the American, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and South America; and the Malayan, or brown race, which occupies the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian. See Illustration in Appendix. 2. Company; herd; breed. For do but note a wild and wanton herd, Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, Fetching mad bounds. --Shak. 3. (Bot.) A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed. 4. Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack. "A race of heaven." --Shak. Is it [the wine] of the right race ? --Massinqer. 5. Hence, characteristic quality or disposition. [Obs.] And now I give my sensual race the rein. --Shak. Some . . . great race of fancy or judgment. --Sir W. Temple. Syn: Lineage; line; family; house; breed; offspring; progeny; issue.
Race\, n. [OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r[=ae]s a rush, running; akin to Icel. r[=a]s course, race. [root]118.]1. A progress; a course; a movement or progression. 2. Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running. The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts. --Bacon. 3. Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races. The race is not to the swift. --Eccl. ix. 11. I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race. --Pope. 4. Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life. My race of glory run, and race of shame. --Milton. 5. A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney. 6. The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race. Note: The part of the channel above the wheel is sometimes called the headrace, the part below, the tailrace. 7. (Mach.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc. Race cloth, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. Race course. (a) The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b) Same as Race way, below. Race cup, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. Race glass, a kind of field glass. Race horse. (a) A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b) A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c) (Zo["o]l.) The steamer duck. (d) (Zo["o]l.) A mantis. Race knife, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. Race saddle, a light saddle used in racing. Race track. Same as Race course (a), above. Race way, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel.
Race\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Raced; p. pr. & vb. n. Racing.]1. To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port. 2. (Steam Mach.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea.
Ra"cy\, a. [Compar. Racier; superl. Raciest.] [From Race a tribe, family.]1. Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich. The racy wine, Late from the mellowing cask restored to light. --Pope. 2. Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively. Our raciest, most idiomatic popular word. --M. Arnold. Burn's English, though not so racy as his Scotch, is generally correct. --H. Coleridge. The rich and racy humor of a natural converser fresh from the plow. --Prof. Wilson. Syn: Spicy; spirited; lively; smart; piquant. Usage: Racy, Spicy. Racy refers primarily to that peculiar flavor which certain wines are supposed to derive from the soil in which the grapes were grown; and hence we call a style or production racy when it "smacks of the soil," or has an uncommon degree of natural freshness and distinctiveness of thought and language. Spicy, when applied, has reference to a spirit and pungency added by art, seasoning the matter like a condiment. It does not, like racy, suggest native peculiarity. A spicy article in a magazine; a spicy retort. Racy in conversation; a racy remark. Rich, racy verses, in which we The soil from which they come, taste, smell, and see. --Cowley.
Rad"ish\, n. [F. radis; cf. It. radice, Pr. raditz: all fr. L. radix, -icis, a root, an edible root, especially a radish, akin to E. wort. See Wort, and cf. Eradicate, Race a root, Radix.] (Bot.) The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (Paphanus sativus); also, the whole plant. Radish fly (Zo["o]l.), a small two-winged fly (Anthomyia raphani) whose larv[ae] burrow in radishes. It resembles the onion fly. Rat-tailed radish (Bot.), an herb (Raphanus caudatus) having a long, slender pod, which is sometimes eaten. Wild radish (Bot.), the jointed charlock.
Write\, v. t. [imp. Wrote; p. p. Written; Archaic imp. & p. p. Writ; p. pr. & vb. n. Writing.] [OE. writen, AS. wr[=i]tan; originally, to scratch, to score; akin to OS. wr[=i]tan to write, to tear, to wound, D. rijten to tear, to rend, G. reissen, OHG. r[=i]zan, Icel. r[=i]ta to write, Goth. writs a stroke, dash, letter. Cf. Race tribe, lineage.]1. To set down, as legible characters; to form the conveyance of meaning; to inscribe on any material by a suitable instrument; as, to write the characters called letters; to write figures. 2. To set down for reading; to express in legible or intelligible characters; to inscribe; as, to write a deed; to write a bill of divorcement; hence, specifically, to set down in an epistle; to communicate by letter. Last night she enjoined me to write some lines to one she loves. --Shak. I chose to write the thing I durst not speak To her I loved. --Prior. 3. Hence, to compose or produce, as an author. I purpose to write the history of England from the accession of King James the Second down to a time within the memory of men still living. --Macaulay. 4. To impress durably; to imprint; to engrave; as, truth written on the heart. 5. To make known by writing; to record; to prove by one's own written testimony; -- often used reflexively. He who writes himself by his own inscription is like an ill painter, who, by writing on a shapeless picture which he hath drawn, is fain to tell passengers what shape it is, which else no man could imagine. --Milton. To write to, to communicate by a written document to. Written laws, laws deriving their force from express legislative enactment, as contradistinguished from unwritten, or common, law. See the Note under Law, and Common law, under Common, a.
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