Sodium - Definitions from Dictionary.com

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Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1) - Cite This Source - Share This

so·di·um

Audio Help [soh-dee-uh

m] Pronunciation Key

–noun

Chemistry. a soft, silver-white, metallic element that oxidizes rapidly in moist air, occurring in nature only in the combined state, and used in the synthesis of sodium peroxide, sodium cyanide, and tetraethyllead: a necessary element in the body for the maintenance of normal fluid balance and other physiological functions. Symbol: Na; atomic weight: 22.9898; atomic number: 11; specific gravity: 0.97 at 20°C.

2.	Medicine/Medical, Pharmacology. any salt of sodium, as sodium chloride or sodium bicarbonate, present in or added to foods or beverages as a seasoning or preservative and used in many pharmaceutical products as an antacid, anticoagulant, or other agent.

[Origin: 1800–10; < NL; see soda, -ium

]

Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Sodium

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American Heritage Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

so·di·um Audio Help (sō'dē-əm) Pronunciation Key
n. Symbol Na
A soft, light, extremely malleable silver-white metallic element that reacts explosively with water, is naturally abundant in combined forms, especially in common salt, and is used in the production of a wide variety of industrially important compounds. Atomic number 11; atomic weight 22.99; melting point 97.8°C; boiling point 892°C; specific gravity 0.971; valence 1. See Table at element.

[sod(a) + -ium.]

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The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2006 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Online Etymology Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This
sodium

metallic alkaline element, 1807, coined by Eng. chemist Humphry Davy from soda; so called because the element was isolated from caustic soda (sodium hydroxide). The chemical symbol Na is from Natrium.

WordNet - Cite This Source - Share This

sodium
noun
a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt)

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This
sodium [ˈsədiəm] noun

an element from which many substances are formed, including common salt (sodium chloride)

Arabic:	كلوريد الصوديوم، مِلْح الطَّعام
Chinese (Simplified):	钠
Chinese (Traditional):	鈉
Czech:	sodík
Danish:	natrium
Dutch:	natrium
Estonian:	naatrium
Finnish:	natrium
French:	sodium
German:	das Natrium
Greek:	νάτριο
Hungarian:	nátrium
Icelandic:	natríum, natrín
Indonesian:	sodium
Italian:	sodio

Japanese:	ナトリウム
Korean:	나트륨
Latvian:	nātrijs
Lithuanian:	natris
Norwegian:	natrium
Polish:	sód
Portuguese (Brazil):	sódio
Portuguese (Portugal):	sódio
Romanian:	sodiu
Russian:	натрий
Slovak:	sodík
Slovenian:	natrij
Spanish:	sodio
Swedish:	natrium
Turkish:	sodyum

The American Heritage Science Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

sodium Audio Help (sō'dē-əm) Pronunciation Key
Symbol Na
A soft, lightweight, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali group that reacts explosively with water. It is the most abundant alkali metal on Earth, occurring especially in common salt. Sodium is very malleable, and its compounds have many important uses in industry. Atomic number 11; atomic weight 22.99; melting point 97.8°C; boiling point 892°C; specific gravity 0.971; valence 1. See Periodic Table.

The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Sodium

Sal\ (s[a^]l), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.) Salt.

Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood (Artemisia Absinthium).

Sal acetosell[ae] [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel.

Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth.

Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste, obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent, and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because originally made from the soot from camel's dung at the temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also muriate of ammonia.

Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts.

Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium chloride.

Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above.

Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.), potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one alkaline.

Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate.

Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate.

Sal gemm[ae] [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native.

Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride; -- the alchemical name of tin being Jove.

Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous sulphate; -- the alchemical name of iron being Mars.

Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt, under Microcosmic.

Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead.

Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st Prunella.

Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.

Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric acid.

Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.), Rochelle salt.

Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium.