(used for expressing motion or direction toward a point, person, place, or thing approached and reached, as opposed to from): They came to the house.
2.
(used for expressing direction or motion or direction toward something) in the direction of; toward: from north to south.
3.
(used for expressing limit of movement or extension): He grew to six feet.
4.
(used for expressing contact or contiguity) on; against; beside; upon: a right uppercut to the jaw; Apply varnish to the surface.
5.
(used for expressing a point of limit in time) before; until: to this day; It is ten minutes to six. We work from nine to five.
6.
(used for expressing aim, purpose, or intention): going to the rescue.
7.
(used for expressing destination or appointed end): sentenced to jail.
8.
(used for expressing agency, result, or consequence): to my dismay; The flowers opened to the sun.
9.
(used for expressing a resulting state or condition): He tore it to pieces.
10.
(used for expressing the object of inclination or desire): They drank to her health.
11.
(used for expressing the object of a right or claim): claimants to an estate.
12.
(used for expressing limit in degree, condition, or amount): wet to the skin; goods amounting to $1000; Tomorrow's high will be 75 to 80°.
13.
(used for expressing addition or accompaniment) with: He added insult to injury. They danced to the music. Where is the top to this box?
14.
(used for expressing attachment or adherence): She held to her opinion.
15.
(used for expressing comparison or opposition): inferior to last year's crop; The score is eight to seven.
16.
(used for expressing agreement or accordance) according to; by: a position to one's liking; to the best of my knowledge.
17.
(used for expressing reference, reaction, or relation): What will he say to this?
18.
(used for expressing a relative position): parallel to the roof.
19.
(used for expressing a proportion of number or quantity) in; making up: 12 to the dozen; 20 miles to the gallon.
20.
(used for indicating the indirect object of a verb, for connecting a verb with its complement, or for indicating or limiting the application of an adjective, noun, or pronoun): Give it to me. I refer to your work.
21.
(used as the ordinary sign or accompaniment of the infinitive, as in expressing motion, direction, or purpose, in ordinary uses with a substantive object.)
22.
Mathematics. raised to the power indicated: Three to the fourth is 81 (34 = 81).
–adverb
23.
toward a point, person, place, or thing, implied or understood.
24.
toward a contact point or closed position: Pull the door to.
25.
toward a matter, action, or work: We turned to with a will.
26.
into a state of consciousness; out of unconsciousness: after he came to.
O.E. to "in the direction of, for the purpose of, furthermore," from W.Gmc. *to (cf. O.S., O.Fris. to, Du. too, O.H.G. zuo, Ger. zu "to"), from PIE pronomial base *do- "to, toward, upward" (cf. L. donec "as long as," O.C.S. do "as far as, to," Gk. suffix -de "to, toward," O.Ir. do, Lith. da-). In O.E., the preposition (go to town) leveled with the adverb (the door slammed to) except where the adverb retained its stress (tired and hungry too); there it came to be written with -oo (see too). The nearly universal use of to with infinitives (to sleep, to dream, etc.) arose in M.E. out of the O.E. dative use of to, and helped drive out the O.E. inflectional endings (though in this use to itself is a mere sign, without meaning). Commonly used as a prefix in M.E. (to-hear "listen to," etc.), but few of these survive (to-do, together, and time references like today, tonight, tomorrow -- Chaucer also has to-yeere). To and fro "side to side" is attested from 1340. Phrase what's it to you "how does that concern you?" goes back a long way:
"Huæd is ðec ðæs?" [John xxi.22, in Lindisfarne Gospel, c.950]
towards; in the direction of Example: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.
Arabic:
إلى، نَحْوَ
Chinese (Simplified):
向，往
Chinese (Traditional):
向，往
Czech:
k, na, do
Danish:
til; ned på
Dutch:
naar
Estonian:
(-le, -ni, -sse)
Finnish:
johonkin
French:
à, vers
German:
zu, auf
Greek:
προς, σε
Hungarian:
-hoz, -hez, -höz; -ra, -re
Icelandic:
til, á
Indonesian:
ke
Italian:
verso, in, a
Japanese:
～へ
Korean:
?방향? …으로
Latvian:
uz
Lithuanian:
į, ant
Norwegian:
til, mot, på
Polish:
do, na
Portuguese (Brazil):
para, a, em
Portuguese (Portugal):
a
Romanian:
la, pe, spre
Russian:
к; на; в
Slovak:
k, na, do
Slovenian:
proti, na
Spanish:
a, hacia
Swedish:
till
Turkish:
…-e, *a (doğru)
to2[tə,tu]preposition
as far as Example: His story is a lie from beginning to end.
Arabic:
من البِدايَه إلى النِّهايَه
Chinese (Simplified):
到
Chinese (Traditional):
到
Czech:
až do
Danish:
til
Dutch:
tot
Estonian:
kuni
Finnish:
saakka
French:
jusqu'à
German:
bis
Greek:
ως
Hungarian:
-ig
Icelandic:
til
Indonesian:
sampai
Italian:
a
Japanese:
～まで
Korean:
?정도? …까지
Latvian:
līdz
Lithuanian:
iki
Norwegian:
til
Polish:
do
Portuguese (Brazil):
até
Portuguese (Portugal):
a
Romanian:
până la
Russian:
до
Slovak:
až do
Slovenian:
do
Spanish:
a, hasta
Swedish:
till
Turkish:
…-e, *a kadar
to3[tə,tu]preposition
until Example: Did you stay to the end of the concert?
Arabic:
حَتّى
Chinese (Simplified):
（表示时间）直至
Chinese (Traditional):
(表示時間)直至
Czech:
až do
Danish:
indtil
Dutch:
tot
Estonian:
kuni
Finnish:
asti
French:
jusqu'à
German:
bis
Greek:
μέχρι
Hungarian:
-ig
Icelandic:
til, þar til
Indonesian:
hingga
Italian:
fino a*
Japanese:
～まで
Korean:
?시간? …까지
Latvian:
līdz
Lithuanian:
iki
Norwegian:
til
Polish:
(aż) do
Portuguese (Brazil):
até
Portuguese (Portugal):
até
Romanian:
până la
Russian:
до
Slovak:
až do
Slovenian:
do
Spanish:
hasta
Swedish:
till
Turkish:
…e, *a kadar
to4[tə,tu]preposition
sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb Example: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.
Arabic:
لِ، إلى
Chinese (Simplified):
用于非及物动词之后
Chinese (Traditional):
用於非及物動詞之後
Czech:
s(e)
Danish:
til
Dutch:
naar, tegen
Estonian:
(kellelegi)
Finnish:
jollekin
French:
à
German:
zu, mit
Greek:
σε, με
Hungarian:
-hoz, -hez, -höz
Icelandic:
til, við
Indonesian:
kepada
Italian:
a
Japanese:
～へ
Latvian:
(izsaka darbības vārda un papildinātāja sakarību)
Norwegian:
til, med
Polish:
do, z
Portuguese (Brazil):
para
Portuguese (Portugal):
para, *com, etc.
Romanian:
la; cu
Russian:
с
Slovak:
s, so
Spanish:
con, a
Swedish:
med
Turkish:
…-e, *…-a
to5[tə,tu]preposition
used in expressing various relations Example: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن العُلاقَه
Chinese (Simplified):
表示各种关系
Chinese (Traditional):
表示各種關系
Czech:
na, k, s, při
Danish:
på; til
Dutch:
naar, op, van
Estonian:
(väljendab mingit seost)
Finnish:
johonkin
French:
à; de
German:
zu, für
Greek:
σε, για
Hungarian:
-nak, -nek; -ra, -re
Icelandic:
á, að
Indonesian:
kepada
Italian:
a, per
Japanese:
～に関して
Korean:
…에 관하여; …에 맞춰
Latvian:
(norāda dažādas attiecības)
Norwegian:
på, til
Polish:
do, na
Portuguese (Brazil):
de
Portuguese (Portugal):
a, *para
Romanian:
(de) la
Russian:
на; к; от; под
Slovak:
na, k
Spanish:
a, para
Swedish:
till, på
Turkish:
…-e, *…-a
to6[tə,tu]preposition
into a particular state or condition Example: She tore the letter to pieces.
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن حالَه مُعَيَّنَه
Chinese (Simplified):
表示进入某种特殊状态或条件
Chinese (Traditional):
表示進入某種特殊狀態或條件
Czech:
na
Danish:
i
Dutch:
in
Estonian:
(-ks)
Finnish:
ksi
French:
en
German:
in
Greek:
σε
Hungarian:
(vmilyen állapotba hoz:) darabokra …
Icelandic:
í
Indonesian:
menjadi
Italian:
in
Japanese:
～の状態に
Korean:
?결과적으로? …이 되게끔
Latvian:
(norāda stāvokli)
Lithuanian:
į
Norwegian:
i
Polish:
na
Portuguese (Brazil):
em
Portuguese (Portugal):
em
Romanian:
în
Russian:
на
Slovak:
na
Slovenian:
na
Spanish:
en
Swedish:
i
Turkish:
…-e, *…-a
to7[tə,tu]preposition
used in expressing comparison or proportion Example: He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2.
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن مُقارَنَه أو نِسْبَه
Chinese (Simplified):
表示比较
Chinese (Traditional):
表示比較
Czech:
než, ku
Danish:
i forhold til; mod
Dutch:
dan, tegen
Estonian:
(väljendab võrdlust, suhet)
Finnish:
verrattuna
French:
que; à
German:
gegenüber, zu
Greek:
από, σε σχέση, σε σύγκριση με
Hungarian:
vmihez képest; 5-2-re (győz stb.)
Icelandic:
miðað við; á móti
Indonesian:
lawan
Italian:
a
Japanese:
～と比べて
Korean:
?비교·비례? …보다, …에 대하여
Latvian:
(izsaka salīdzinājumu)
Lithuanian:
už, palyginti su, su
Norwegian:
sammenliknet med; til, mot
Polish:
od, do, w stosunku do
Portuguese (Brazil):
a
Portuguese (Portugal):
a
Romanian:
decât; la
Russian:
к
Slovak:
od, odo; k, ku
Slovenian:
od; proti
Spanish:
a
Swedish:
mot, el. utan motsv. i sv.: hon är yngre än jag, din skicklighet är överlägsen min
Turkish:
…-e, *…-a
to8[tə,tu]preposition
showing the purpose or result of an action etc Example: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل للتَّعْبير عن الهَدَف أو نَتيجَة العَمَل
tə used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions Example: I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him.
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل قَبل صيغَة المَصْدَر
Chinese (Simplified):
（在动词及形容词后）构成动词不定式
Chinese (Traditional):
(在動詞及形容詞後)構成動詞不定式
Czech:
aby
Danish:
at; om at; for at; til at
Dutch:
om te
Estonian:
(kasut. infinitiivi ees), et
French:
de; pour
German:
zu, um zu
Greek:
(για) να (πριν από απαρέμφ.)
Hungarian:
(az "infinitive", a főnévi igenév kifejezése:) -ni
Icelandic:
um, til að
Indonesian:
untuk
Italian:
di, per
Japanese:
不定詞に
Korean:
부정사를 이끔
Latvian:
(darbības vārda nenoteiksmes partikula)
Norwegian:
for å (kunne)
Polish:
ażeby, by
Portuguese (Brazil):
para
Portuguese (Portugal):
para
Romanian:
(pentru) a, *(ca) să
Russian:
употребляется перед инфинитивом
Slovak:
aby
Slovenian:
da
Spanish:
para
Swedish:
att, för att
Turkish:
amacıyla, …-mek, *-mak için
to10[tə,tu]preposition
used instead of a complete infinitive Example: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل بدلا من المَصْدَر
Chinese (Simplified):
用于代替不定式完成时
Chinese (Traditional):
用於代替不定式完成時
Dutch:
het
German:
zu
Italian:
usato in sostituzione di un verbo sottinteso all'infinito)
Japanese:
代不定詞
Korean:
to부정사의 동사가 생략될 때 to 부정사의 표시로 남음
Latvian:
(darbības vārda nenoteiksmes partikula)
Portuguese (Portugal):
fazê-lo
Romanian:
să
Russian:
используется вместо опущенного инфинитива
Spanish:
(hacerlo)
Swedish:
det
Turkish:
Not: Fiilin mastar hali yerine kullanılır.
to1[tə,tutuː]adverb
into a closed or almost closed position Example: He pulled/pushed the door to.
Arabic:
الى حالَة الإقْفال
Chinese (Simplified):
关上
Chinese (Traditional):
關上
Czech:
do (téměř) zavřené polohy
Danish:
i
Dutch:
dicht
Estonian:
kinni
Finnish:
kiinni
French:
de; fermer
German:
zu
Greek:
ώστε κτ. να κλείσει
Hungarian:
(az ige elhagyása a to + "infinitive" szerkezetből)
Icelandic:
aftur
Indonesian:
menutup
Italian:
chiuso
Japanese:
閉じて
Korean:
꼭 닫히게
Latvian:
klāt; ciet
Lithuanian:
pri(verti)
Norwegian:
igjen
Polish:
do zamknięcia
Portuguese (Portugal):
até fechar
Romanian:
închis
Russian:
закрывать
Slovak:
privrieť, zavrieť
Slovenian:
v (skoraj) zaprtem stanju
Spanish:
hasta cerrar
Swedish:
till
Turkish:
kapalı duruma
to2[tə,tutuː]adverb
used in phrasal verbs and compounds Example: He came to (= regained consciousness).
Arabic:
تُسْتَعْمَل في الأفعال العِباريَّه والمُرَكَّبَه
Chinese (Simplified):
用于动词短语和复合词
Chinese (Traditional):
用於動詞短語和復合詞
Czech:
k sobě
Danish:
til
Dutch:
bij, aan
Estonian:
(esineb väljendites)
French:
à
German:
zu sich, dran
Hungarian:
magához tért; nekiláttak stb.
Icelandic:
að verki
Indonesian:
menjadi, mulai
Italian:
rinvenire; cominciare
Japanese:
成句に
Korean:
숙어 동사나 복합어의 구성 요소로 쓰임
Latvian:
ķerties klāt
Norwegian:
til (bevissthet), (sette) i gang
Portuguese (Portugal):
aos sentidos, ao trabalho, etc.
Russian:
используется в идиоматических выражениях (Он пришёл в
A*lone"\, a. [All + one. OE. al one all allone, AS. [=a]n one, alone. See All, One, Lone.]1. Quite by one's self; apart from, or exclusive of, others; single; solitary; -- applied to a person or thing. Alone on a wide, wide sea. --Coleridge. It is not good that the man should be alone. --Gen. ii. 18. 2. Of or by itself; by themselves; without any thing more or any one else; without a sharer; only. Man shall not live by bread alone. --Luke iv. 4. The citizens alone should be at the expense. --Franklin. 3. Sole; only; exclusive. [R.] God, by whose alone power and conversation we all live, and move, and have our being. --Bentley. 4. Hence; Unique; rare; matchless. --Shak. Note: The adjective alone commonly follows its noun. Tolet or leavealone, to abstain from interfering with or molesting; to suffer to remain in its present state.
Cart\, n. [AS. cr[ae]t; cf. W. cart, Ir. & Gael. cairt, or Icel. kartr. Cf. Car.]1. A common name for various kinds of vehicles, as a Scythian dwelling on wheels, or a chariot. "Ph[oe]bus' cart." --Shak. 2. A two-wheeled vehicle for the ordinary purposes of husbandry, or for transporting bulky and heavy articles. Packing all his goods in one poor cart. --Dryden. 3. A light business wagon used by bakers, grocerymen, butchers, etc. 4. An open two-wheeled pleasure carriage. Cart horse, a horse which draws a cart; a horse bred or used for drawing heavy loads. Cart load, or Cartload, as much as will fill or load a cart. In excavating and carting sand, gravel, earth, etc., one third of a cubic yard of the material before it is loosened is estimated to be a cart load. Cart rope, a stout rope for fastening a load on a cart; any strong rope. Toput (or get or set)the cart before the horse, to invert the order of related facts or ideas, as by putting an effect for a cause.
Chide\ (ch[imac]d), v. t. [imp. Chid (ch[i^]d), or Chode (ch[imac]d Obs.); p. p. Chidden, Chid; p. pr. & vb. n. Chiding.] [AS. c[=i]dan; of unknown origin.]1. To rebuke; to reprove; to scold; to find fault with. Upbraided, chid, and rated at. --Shak. 2. Fig.: To be noisy about; to chafe against. The sea that chides the banks of England. --Shak. Tochide hither, chide from, or chide away, to cause to come, or to drive away, by scolding or reproof. Syn: To blame; rebuke; reprove; scold; censure; reproach; reprehend; reprimand.
Con"sta*ble\ (k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL. conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L. companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and Stable.]1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the Middle Ages. Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord high constable, of England, was one of the highest officers of the crown, commander in chief of the forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The office was as early as the Conquest, but has been disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the reign of Henry VIII. 2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier. Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a conservator of the peace within his district, and is also charged by various statutes with other duties, such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In the United States, constables are town or city officers of the peace, with powers similar to those of the constables of England. In addition to their duties as conservators of the peace, they are invested with others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts, keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers called high constables, who act as chiefs of the constabulary or police force. In other cities the title of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that of the police officer. High constable, a constable having certain duties and powers within a hundred. [Eng.] Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.] Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable of special occasions. Tooverrun, or outrun, the constable, to spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.] --Smollett.
Dust\, n. [AS. dust; cf. LG. dust, D. duist meal dust, OD. doest, donst, and G. dunst vapor, OHG. tunist, dunist, a blowing, wind, Icel. dust dust, Dan. dyst mill dust; perh. akin to L. fumus smoke, E. fume. ?.]1. Fine, dry particles of earth or other matter, so comminuted that they may be raised and wafted by the wind; that which is crumbled too minute portions; fine powder; as, clouds of dust; bone dust. Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. --Gen. iii. 19. Stop! -- for thy tread is on an empire's dust. --Byron. 2. A single particle of earth or other matter. [R.] "To touch a dust of England's ground." --Shak. 3. The earth, as the resting place of the dead. For now shall sleep in the dust. --Job vii. 21. 4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the remains of the human body. And you may carve a shrine about my dust. --Tennyson. 5. Figuratively, a worthless thing. And by the merit of vile gold, dross, dust. --Shak. 6. Figuratively, a low or mean condition. [God] raiseth up the poor out of the dust. --1 Sam. ii. 8. 7. Gold dust; hence: (Slang) Coined money; cash. Down with the dust, deposit the cash; pay down the money. [Slang] "My lord, quoth the king, presently deposit your hundred pounds in gold, or else no going hence all the days of your life. . . . The Abbot down with his dust, and glad he escaped so, returned to Reading." --Fuller. Dust brand (Bot.), a fungous plant (Ustilago Carbo); -- called also smut. Gold dust, fine particles of gold, such as are obtained in placer mining; -- often used as money, being transferred by weight. In dust and ashes. See under Ashes. To bite the dust. See under Bite, v. t. Toraise, or kick up, dust, to make a commotion. [Colloq.] To throw dust in one's eyes, to mislead; to deceive. [Colloq.]
Field\, n. [OE. feld, fild, AS. feld; akin to D. veld, G. feld, Sw. f["a]lt, Dan. felt, Icel. fold field of grass, AS. folde earth, land, ground, OS. folda.]1. Cleared land; land suitable for tillage or pasture; cultivated ground; the open country. 2. A piece of land of considerable size; esp., a piece inclosed for tillage or pasture. Fields which promise corn and wine. --Byron. 3. A place where a battle is fought; also, the battle itself. In this glorious and well-foughten field. --Shak. What though the field be lost? --Milton. 4. An open space; an extent; an expanse. Esp.: (a) Any blank space or ground on which figures are drawn or projected. (b) The space covered by an optical instrument at one view. Without covering, save yon field of stars. --Shak. Ask of yonder argent fields above. --Pope. 5. (Her.) The whole surface of an escutcheon; also, so much of it is shown unconcealed by the different bearings upon it. See Illust. of Fess, where the field is represented as gules (red), while the fess is argent (silver). 6. An unresticted or favorable opportunity for action, operation, or achievement; province; room. Afforded a clear field for moral experiments. --Macaulay. 7. A collective term for all the competitors in any outdoor contest or trial, or for all except the favorites in the betting. 8. (Baseball) That part of the grounds reserved for the players which is outside of the diamond; -- called also outfield. Note: Field is often used adjectively in the sense of belonging to, or used in, the fields; especially with reference to the operations and equipments of an army during a campaign away from permanent camps and fortifications. In most cases such use of the word is sufficiently clear; as, field battery; field fortification; field gun; field hospital, etc. A field geologist, naturalist, etc., is one who makes investigations or collections out of doors. A survey uses a field book for recording field notes, i.e., measurment, observations, etc., made in field work (outdoor operations). A farmer or planter employs field hands, and may use a field roller or a field derrick. Field sports are hunting, fishing, athletic games, etc. Coal field (Geol.) See under Coal. Field artillery, light ordnance mounted on wheels, for the use of a marching army. Field basil (Bot.), a plant of the Mint family (Calamintha Acinos); -- called also basil thyme. Field colors (Mil.), small flags for marking out the positions for squadrons and battalions; camp colors. Field cricket (Zo["o]l.), a large European cricket (Gryllus campestric), remarkable for its loud notes. Field day. (a) A day in the fields. (b) (Mil.) A day when troops are taken into the field for instruction in evolutions. --Farrow. (c) A day of unusual exertion or display; a gala day. Field driver, in New England, an officer charged with the driving of stray cattle to the pound. Field duck (Zo["o]l.), the little bustard (Otis tetrax), found in Southern Europe. Field glass. (Optics) (a) A binocular telescope of compact form; a lorgnette; a race glass. (b) A small achromatic telescope, from 20 to 24 inches long, and having 3 to 6 draws. (c) See Field lens. Field lark. (Zo["o]l.) (a) The skylark. (b) The tree pipit. Field lens (Optics), that one of the two lenses forming the eyepiece of an astronomical telescope or compound microscope which is nearer the object glass; -- called also field glass. Field madder (Bot.), a plant (Sherardia arvensis) used in dyeing. Field marshal (Mil.), the highest military rank conferred in the British and other European armies. Field mouse (Zo["o]l.), a mouse inhabiting fields, as the campagnol and the deer mouse. See Campagnol, and Deer mouse. Field officer (Mil.), an officer above the rank of captain and below that of general. Field officer's court (U.S.Army), a court-martial consisting of one field officer empowered to try all cases, in time of war, subject to jurisdiction of garrison and regimental courts. --Farrow. Field plover (Zo["o]l.), the black-bellied plover (Charadrius squatarola); also sometimes applied to the Bartramian sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda). Field spaniel (Zo["o]l.), a small spaniel used in hunting small game. Field sparrow. (Zo["o]l.) (a) A small American sparrow (Spizella pusilla). (b) The hedge sparrow. [Eng.] Field staff> (Mil.), a staff formerly used by gunners to hold a lighted match for discharging a gun. Field vole (Zo["o]l.), the European meadow mouse. Field of ice, a large body of floating ice; a pack. Field, or Field of view, in a telescope or microscope, the entire space within which objects are seen. Field magnet. see under Magnet. Magnetic field. See Magnetic. To back the field, or To bet on the field. See under Back, v. t. -- To keep the field. (a) (Mil.) To continue a campaign. (b) To maintain one's ground against all comers. Tolay, or back, against the field, to bet on (a horse, etc.) against all comers. To take the field (Mil.), to enter upon a campaign.
Flag\, n. [Cf. LG. & G. flagge, Sw. flagg, Dan. flag, D. vlag. See Flag to hang loose.]1. That which flags or hangs down loosely. 2. A cloth usually bearing a device or devices and used to indicate nationality, party, etc., or to give or ask information; -- commonly attached to a staff to be waved by the wind; a standard; a banner; an ensign; the colors; as, the national flag; a military or a naval flag. 3. (Zo["o]l.) (a) A group of feathers on the lower part of the legs of certain hawks, owls, etc. (b) A group of elongated wing feathers in certain hawks. (c) The bushy tail of a dog, as of a setter. Black flag. See under Black. Flag captain, Flag leutenant, etc., special officers attached to the flagship, as aids to the flag officer. Flag officer, the commander of a fleet or squadron; an admiral, or commodore. Flag of truse, a white flag carried or displayed to an enemy, as an invitation to conference, or for the purpose of making some communication not hostile. Flag share, the flag officer's share of prize money. Flag station (Railroad), a station at which trains do not stop unless signaled to do so, by a flag hung out or waved. National flag, a flag of a particular country, on which some national emblem or device, is emblazoned. Red flag, a flag of a red color, displayed as a signal of danger or token of defiance; the emblem of anarchists. To dip, the flag, to mlower it and quickly restore it to its place; -- done as a mark of respect. To hang out the white flag, to ask truce or quarter, or, in some cases, to manifest a friendly design by exhibiting a white flag. To hang the flaghalf-mast high or half-staff, to raise it only half way to the mast or staff, as a token or sign of mourning. Tostrike, or lower, the flag, to haul it down, in token of respect, submission, or, in an engagement, of surrender. Yellow flag, the quarantine flag of all nations; also carried at a vessel's fore, to denote that an infectious disease is on board.
Foot\ (f[oo^]t), n.; pl. Feet (f[=e]t). [OE. fot, foot, pl. fet, feet. AS. f[=o]t, pl. f[=e]t; akin to D. voet, OHG. fuoz, G. fuss, Icel. f[=o]tr, Sw. fot, Dan. fod, Goth. f[=o]tus, L. pes, Gr. poy`s, Skr. p[=a]d, Icel. fet step, pace measure of a foot, feta to step, find one's way. [root]77, 250. Cf. Antipodes, Cap-a-pie, Expedient, Fet to fetch, Fetlock, Fetter, Pawn a piece in chess, Pedal.]1. (Anat.) The terminal part of the leg of man or an animal; esp., the part below the ankle or wrist; that part of an animal upon which it rests when standing, or moves. See Manus, and Pes. 2. (Zo["o]l.) The muscular locomotive organ of a mollusk. It is a median organ arising from the ventral region of body, often in the form of a flat disk, as in snails. See Illust. of Buccinum. 3. That which corresponds to the foot of a man or animal; as, the foot of a table; the foot of a stocking. 4. The lowest part or base; the ground part; the bottom, as of a mountain or column; also, the last of a row or series; the end or extremity, esp. if associated with inferiority; as, the foot of a hill; the foot of the procession; the foot of a class; the foot of the bed. And now at foot Of heaven's ascent they lift their feet. --Milton. 5. Fundamental principle; basis; plan; -- used only in the singular. Answer directly upon the foot of dry reason. --Berkeley. 6. Recognized condition; rank; footing; -- used only in the singular. [R.] As to his being on the foot of a servant. --Walpole. 7. A measure of length equivalent to twelve inches; one third of a yard. See Yard. Note: This measure is supposed to be taken from the length of a man's foot. It differs in length in different countries. In the United States and in England it is 304.8 millimeters. 8. (Mil.) Soldiers who march and fight on foot; the infantry, usually designated as the foot, in distinction from the cavalry. "Both horse and foot." --Milton. 9. (Pros.) A combination of syllables consisting a metrical element of a verse, the syllables being formerly distinguished by their quantity or length, but in modern poetry by the accent. 10. (Naut.) The lower edge of a sail. Note: Foot is often used adjectively, signifying of or pertaining to a foot or the feet, or to the base or lower part. It is also much used as the first of compounds. Foot artillery. (Mil.) (a) Artillery soldiers serving in foot. (b) Heavy artillery. --Farrow. Foot bank (Fort.), a raised way within a parapet. Foot barracks (Mil.), barracks for infantery. Foot bellows, a bellows worked by a treadle. --Knight. Foot company (Mil.), a company of infantry. --Milton. Foot gear, covering for the feet, as stocking, shoes, or boots. Foot hammer (Mach.), a small tilt hammer moved by a treadle. Foot iron. (a) The step of a carriage. (b) A fetter. Foot jaw. (Zo["o]l.) See Maxilliped. Foot key (Mus.), an organ pedal. Foot level (Gunnery), a form of level used in giving any proposed angle of elevation to a piece of ordnance. --Farrow. Foot mantle, a long garment to protect the dress in riding; a riding skirt. [Obs.] Foot page, an errand boy; an attendant. [Obs.] Foot passenger, one who passes on foot, as over a road or bridge. Foot pavement, a paved way for foot passengers; a footway; a trottoir. Foot poet, an inferior poet; a poetaster. [R.] --Dryden. Foot post. (a) A letter carrier who travels on foot. (b) A mail delivery by means of such carriers. Fot pound, & Foot poundal. (Mech.) See Foot pound and Foot poundal, in the Vocabulary. Foot press (Mach.), a cutting, embossing, or printing press, moved by a treadle. Foot race, a race run by persons on foot. --Cowper. Foot rail, a railroad rail, with a wide flat flange on the lower side. Foot rot, an ulcer in the feet of sheep; claw sickness. Foot rule, a rule or measure twelve inches long. Foot screw, an adjusting screw which forms a foot, and serves to give a machine or table a level standing on an uneven place. Foot secretion. (Zo["o]l.) See Sclerobase. Foot soldier, a soldier who serves on foot. Foot stick (Printing), a beveled piece of furniture placed against the foot of the page, to hold the type in place. Foot stove, a small box, with an iron pan, to hold hot coals for warming the feet. Foot tubercle. (Zo["o]l.) See Parapodium. Foot valve (Steam Engine), the valve that opens to the air pump from the condenser. Foot vise, a kind of vise the jaws of which are operated by a treadle. Foot waling (Naut.), the inside planks or lining of a vessel over the floor timbers. --Totten. Foot wall (Mining), the under wall of an inclosed vein. By foot, or On foot, by walking; as, to pass a stream on foot. Cubic foot. See under Cubic. Foot and mouth disease, a contagious disease (Eczema epizo["o]tica) of cattle, sheep, swine, etc., characterized by the formation of vesicles and ulcers in the mouth and about the hoofs. Foot of the fine (Law), the concluding portion of an acknowledgment in court by which, formerly, the title of land was conveyed. See Fine of land, under Fine, n.; also Chirograph. (b). Square foot. See under Square. To be on foot, to be in motion, action, or process of execution. To keep the foot (Script.), to preserve decorum. "Keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of God." --Eccl. v. 1. To put one's foot down, to take a resolute stand; to be determined. [Colloq.] To put the best foot foremost, to make a good appearance; to do one's best. [Colloq.] To set on foot, to put in motion; to originate; as, to set on foot a subscription. Toput, or set, one on his feet, to put one in a position to go on; to assist to start. Under foot. (a) Under the feet; (Fig.) at one's mercy; as, to trample under foot. --Gibbon. (b) Below par. [Obs.] "They would be forced to sell . . . far under foot." --Bacon.
For\, prep. [AS. for, fore; akin to OS. for, fora, furi, D. voor, OHG. fora, G. vor, OHG. furi, G. f["u]r, Icel. fyrir, Sw. f["o]r, Dan. for, adv. f["o]r, Goth. fa['u]r, fa['u]ra, L. pro, Gr. ?, Skr. pra-. [root] 202. Cf. Fore, First, Foremost, Forth, Pro-.] In the most general sense, indicating that in consideration of, in view of, or with reference to, which anything is done or takes place. 1. Indicating the antecedent cause or occasion of an action; the motive or inducement accompanying and prompting to an act or state; the reason of anything; that on account of which a thing is or is done. With fiery eyes sparkling for very wrath. --Shak. How to choose dogs for scent or speed. --Waller. Now, for so many glorious actions done, For peace at home, and for the public wealth, I mean to crown a bowl for C[ae]sar's health. --Dryden. That which we, for our unworthiness, are afraid to crave, our prayer is, that God, for the worthiness of his Son, would, notwithstanding, vouchsafe to grant. --Hooker. 2. Indicating the remoter and indirect object of an act; the end or final cause with reference to which anything is, acts, serves, or is done. The oak for nothing ill, The osier good for twigs, the poplar for the mill. --Spenser. It was young counsel for the persons, and violent counsel for the matters. --Bacon. Shall I think the worls was made for one, And men are born for kings, as beasts for men, Not for protection, but to be devoured? --Dryden. For he writes not for money, nor for praise. --Denham. 3. Indicating that in favor of which, or in promoting which, anything is, or is done; hence, in behalf of; in favor of; on the side of; -- opposed to against. We can do nothing against the truth, but for the truth. --2 Cor. xiii. 8. It is for the general good of human society, and consequently of particular persons, to be true and just; and it is for men's health to be temperate. --Tillotson. Aristotle is for poetical justice. --Dennis. 4. Indicating that toward which the action of anything is directed, or the point toward which motion is made; ?ntending to go to. We sailed from Peru for China and Japan. --Bacon. 5. Indicating that on place of or instead of which anything acts or serves, or that to which a substitute, an equivalent, a compensation, or the like, is offered or made; instead of, or place of. And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot. --Ex. xxi. 23, 24. 6. Indicating that in the character of or as being which anything is regarded or treated; to be, or as being. We take a falling meteor for a star. --Cowley. If a man can be fully assured of anything for a truth, without having examined, what is there that he may not embrace for tru?? --Locke. Most of our ingenious young men take up some cried-up English poet for their model. --Dryden. But let her go for an ungrateful woman. --Philips. 7. Indicating that instead of which something else controls in the performing of an action, or that in spite of which anything is done, occurs, or is; hence, equivalent to notwithstanding, in spite of; -- generally followed by all, aught, anything, etc. The writer will do what she please for all me. --Spectator. God's desertion shall, for aught he knows, the next minute supervene. --Dr. H. More. For anything that legally appears to the contrary, it may be a contrivance to fright us. --Swift. 8. Indicating the space or time through which an action or state extends; hence, during; in or through the space or time of. For many miles about There 's scarce a bush. --Shak. Since, hired for life, thy servile muse sing. --prior. To guide the sun's bright chariot for a day. --Garth. 9. Indicating that in prevention of which, or through fear of which, anything is done. [Obs.] We 'll have a bib, for spoiling of thy doublet. --Beau. & Fl. For, or As for, so far as concerns; as regards; with reference to; -- used parenthetically or independently. See under As. As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord. --Josh. xxiv. 15. For me, my stormy voyage at an end, I to the port of death securely tend. --Dryden. For all that, notwithstanding; in spite of. For all the world, wholly; exactly. "Whose posy was, for all the world, like cutlers' poetry." --Shak. For as much as, or Forasmuch as, in consideration that; seeing that; since. For by. See Forby, adv. For ever, eternally; at all times. See Forever. For me, or For all me, as far as regards me. For my life, or For the life of me, if my life depended on it. [Colloq.] --T. Hook. For that, For the reason that, because; since. [Obs.] "For that I love your daughter." --Shak. For thy, or Forthy [AS. for??.], for this; on this account. [Obs.] "Thomalin, have no care for thy." --Spenser. For to, as sign of infinitive, in order to; to the end of. [Obs., except as sometimes heard in illiterate speech.] -- "What went ye out for to see?" --Luke vii. 25. See To, prep., 4. O for, would that I had; may there be granted; -- elliptically expressing desire or prayer. "O for a muse of fire." --Shak. Were it not for, or If it were not for, leaving out of account; but for the presence or action of. "Moral consideration can no way move the sensible appetite, were it not for the will." --Sir M. Hale.
Foul\ (foul), a. [Compar. Fouler (-[~e]r); superl. Foulest.] [OE. foul, ful, AS. f[=u]l; akin to D. vuil, G. faul rotten, OHG. f[=u]l, Icel. f[=u]l foul, fetid; Dan. fuul, Sw. ful foul, Goth. f[=u]ls fetid, Lith. puti to be putrid, L. putere to stink, be putrid, pus pus, Gr. py`on pus, to cause to rot, Skr. p[=u]y to stink. [root]82. Cf. Defile to foul, File to foul, Filth, Pus, Putrid.]1. Covered with, or containing, extraneous matter which is injurious, noxious, offensive, or obstructive; filthy; dirty; not clean; polluted; nasty; defiled; as, a foul cloth; foul hands; a foul chimney; foul air; a ship's bottom is foul when overgrown with barnacles; a gun becomes foul from repeated firing; a well is foul with polluted water. My face is foul with weeping. --Job. xvi. 16. 2. Scurrilous; obscene or profane; abusive; as, foul words; foul language. 3. Hateful; detestable; shameful; odious; wretched. "The foul with Sycorax." --Shak. Who first seduced them
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