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arduous

 [ahr-joo-uhs or, especially Brit., ahr-dyoo-]   Example Sentences Origin

ar·du·ous

   [ahr-joo-uhs or, especially Brit., ahr-dyoo-]
adjective
1.
requiring great exertion; laborious; difficult: an arduous undertaking.
2.
requiring or using much energy and vigor; strenuous: making an arduous effort.
3.
hard to climb; steep: an arduous path up the hill.
4.
hard to endure; full of hardships; severe: an arduous winter.
Origin:
1530–40; < Latin arduus erect, steep, laborious; see -ous

Related forms
ar·du·ous·ly, adverb
ar·du·ous·ness, noun
su·per·ar·du·ous, adjective
su·per·ar·du·ous·ly, adverb
su·per·ar·du·ous·ness, noun
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un·ar·du·ous, adjective
un·ar·du·ous·ly, adverb
un·ar·du·ous·ness, noun
COLLAPSE

Synonyms
1. hard, toilsome, onerous, wearisome, burdensome, exhausting.

Antonyms
1. easy.

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
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Arduous is a GRE word you need to know.
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free from deceit or cunning; natural, simple, uncontrived
to present a proposal or resolution for discussion
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Example Sentences
  • I've had fantastic experiences with much smaller-scale, yet still arduous, research projects.
  • But becoming a principal dancer is arduous even for someone as talented as she.
  • Her feet are steadfast, all the arduous way.
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Collins
World English Dictionary
arduous (ˈɑːdjʊəs)
 
—adj
1.  requiring great physical or mental effort; difficult to accomplish; strenuous
2.  hard to endure; harsh: arduous conditions
3.  hard to overcome or surmount; steep or difficult: an arduous track
 
[C16: from Latin arduus steep, difficult]
 
'arduously
 
—adv
 
'arduousness
 
—n

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009
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Etymonline
Word Origin & History

arduous
1530s, "high, steep, difficult to climb," from L. arduus "high, steep," from PIE base *eredh- "to grow, high" (see ortho-). Metaphoric extension to "difficult" first attested 1713.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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