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fraud - 6 dictionary results

fraud

[frawd]
–noun
1. deceit, trickery, sharp practice, or breach of confidence, perpetrated for profit or to gain some unfair or dishonest advantage.
2. a particular instance of such deceit or trickery: mail fraud; election frauds.
3. any deception, trickery, or humbug: That diet book is a fraud and a waste of time.
4. a person who makes deceitful pretenses; sham; poseur.

Origin:
1300–50; ME fraude < OF < ML fraud- (s. of fraus) deceit, injury


fraudful, adjective
fraud⋅ful⋅ly, adverb


1. See deceit. 3. wile, hoax.
fraud   (frôd)   
n.  
  1. A deception deliberately practiced in order to secure unfair or unlawful gain.
  2. A piece of trickery; a trick.
    1. One that defrauds; a cheat.
    2. One who assumes a false pose; an impostor.

[Middle English fraude, from Old French, from Latin fraus, fraud-.]

Fraud

Fraud\ (fr[add]d), n. [F. fraude, L. fraus, fraudis; prob. akin to Skr. dh[=u]rv to injure, dhv[.r] to cause to fall, and E. dull.]

1. Deception deliberately practiced with a view to gaining an unlawful or unfair advantage; artifice by which the right or interest of another is injured; injurious stratagem; deceit; trick.

If success a lover's toil attends, Few ask, if fraud or force attained his ends. --Pope.

2. (Law) An intentional perversion of truth for the purpose of obtaining some valuable thing or promise from another.

3. A trap or snare. [Obs.]

To draw the proud King Ahab into fraud. --Milton.

Constructive fraud (Law), an act, statement, or omission which operates as a fraud, although perhaps not intended to be such. --Mozley & W.

Pious fraud (Ch. Hist.), a fraud contrived and executed to benefit the church or accomplish some good end, upon the theory that the end justified the means.

Statute of frauds (Law), an English statute (1676), the principle of which is incorporated in the legislation of all the States of this country, by which writing with specific solemnities (varying in the several statutes) is required to give efficacy to certain dispositions of property. --Wharton.

Syn: Deception; deceit; guile; craft; wile; sham; strife; circumvention; stratagem; trick; imposition; cheat. See Deception.
Language Translation for : fraud
Spanish: fraude,
German: der Betrug,
Japanese: 詐欺

fraud 
"criminal deception," 1345, from O.Fr. fraude, from L. fraudem (nom. fraus) "deceit, injury." The noun meaning "impostor, humbug" is attested from 1850. Pious fraud "deception practiced for the sake of what is deemed a good purpose" is from 1563.

fraud

Deception carried out for the purpose of achieving personal gain while causing injury to another party. For example, selling a new security issue while intentionally concealing important facts related to the issue is fraud.


Main Entry: fraud
Function: noun
Etymology: Latin fraud- fraus
1 a : any act, expression, omission, or concealment calculated to deceive another to his or her disadvantage; specifically : a misrepresentation or concealment with reference to some fact material to a transaction that is made with knowledge of its falsity or in reckless disregard of its truth or falsity and with the intent to deceive another and that is reasonably relied on by the other who is injured thereby b : the affirmative defense of having acted in response to a fraud
2 : the crime or tort of committing fraud fraud> —see also MISREPRESENTATION
NOTE: A tort action based on fraud is also referred to as an action of deceit.
actual fraud
: fraud committed with the actual intent to deceive and thereby injure another called also fraud in fact —compare CONSTRUCTIVE FRAUD in this entry
collateral fraud
: EXTRINSIC FRAUD in this entry
constructive fraud
: conduct that is considered fraud under the law despite the absence of an intent to deceive because it has the same consequences as an actual fraud would have and it is against public interests (as because of the violation of a public or private trust or confidence, the breach of a fiduciary duty, or the use of undue influence) called also legal fraud —compare ACTUAL FRAUD in this entry
equitable fraud
: CONSTRUCTIVE FRAUD in this entry —used esp. in New Jersey
extrinsic fraud
: fraud (as that involved in making a false offer of compromise) that induces one not to present a case in court or deprives one of the opportunity to be heard; also : fraud that is not involved in the actual issues presented to a court and that prevents a full and fair hearing called also collateral fraud —compare INTRINSIC FRAUD in this entry
fraud in fact
: ACTUAL FRAUD in this entry
fraud in law
: fraud that is presumed to have occurred in light of the circumstances irrespective of intent to deceive
fraud in the factum
: fraud in which the deception causes the other party to misunderstand the nature of the transaction in which he or she is engaging esp. with regard to the contents of an instrument (as a contract or promissory note) called also fraud in the execution —compare FRAUD IN THE INDUCEMENT in this entry
fraud in the inducement
: fraud in which the deception leads the other party to engage in a transaction the nature of which he or she understands —compare FRAUD IN THE FACTUM in this entry
fraud on the court
: fraud involving conduct that undermines the integrity of the judicial process (as by improperly influencing a judge, jury, or other court personnel); also : EXTRINSIC FRAUD in this entry
intrinsic fraud
: fraud (as by the use of false or forged documents, false claims, or perjured testimony) that deceives the trier of fact and results in a judgment in favor of the party perpetrating the fraud —compare EXTRINSIC FRAUD in this entry
legal fraud
1 : CONSTRUCTIVE FRAUD in this entry
2 : ACTUAL FRAUD in this entry —used esp. in New Jersey
mail fraud
: fraud committed by use of the postal service esp. as described in title 18 section 1341 of the U.S. Code
wire fraud
: fraud committed by using a means of electronic communication (as a telephone) —see also Wire Fraud Act in the IMPORTANT LAWS section
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